France and Italy are deploying the Product Improvement Program III versions of the Hawk anti-aircraft missile system. The new upgrade includes Ada-software, open architecture, and enhanced man-machine interfaces. PIP-III allows Hawk batteries to get earlier warning of approaching threats, to coordinate with adjacent batteries, and to control short-range and very-short-range air defense units in the area. This system will comprise the main air defense capability for these two nations until the new Astor and Meads systems become operational.--Stephen V Cole