Part 2: Five Active Terror Cells in Kunduz Area
The Bundeswehr and BND believe that there are now five active terror cells in the Kunduz area. There are approximately two dozen names on a most-wanted list maintained by German intelligence since 2007 and made available to ISAF troops. The man at the top of the list, Mullah Salam, has a legendary reputation in northern Afghanistan.
Salam's men pay close attention to what happens in Kunduz. Word has spread of the arrest of Abdul Razeq and of another KSK joint operation with the Afghan army, in which seven insurgents were shot dead, as well as various US military operations in northern Afghanistan. The Taliban has become more cautious, and Salam is believed to have retreated to Kandahar. But his deputy, Mullah Shamsullah, remains in Kunduz.
"Many of Us Are Tired of Fighting"
Shamsullah, a Pashtun, met with us in a dirty hotel room at the Ariana Guesthouse. Mobile phones are not allowed. "If I were to use my telephone," he says upon arrival, "they would capture or kill me within a few hours."
His mouth is motionless, but his eyes reveal how wary Shamsullah is. His name is on the top-10 list in General Azimi's office. He was arrested recently, but managed to get away with the help of police officers. He says that he sleeps in a different location every night, for security reasons. Two of his men stand guard at the door, keeping an eye on everything that happens around the dingy hotel.
The meeting runs on longer than the originally agreed 15 minutes. Shamsullah, speaking with unexpected frankness, talks about the strict orders he receives from Taliban leaders in the Pakistani city of Quetta to stand firm in the struggle against the Germans. He says he wanted to leave Afghanistan for Pakistan, but that the Taliban leaders had put their local fighters under heavy pressure in recent weeks to increase the number of attacks. "Many of us are tired of fighting and being constantly hunted," says Shamsullah, "but the pressure from Pakistan is extremely high."
Shamsullah is in charge of the Taliban's efforts in their local stronghold, Chahar Darreh, the district where the religious extremists are seeking to close girls' schools. In a sense, the Taliban commander and the German Foreign Minister are opposing players. Shamsullah and his people have formed a task force against girls' schools in Kunduz.
The fund will also provide local farmers with informal compensation for any damage the Bundeswehr inflicts during its battles with the Taliban. The idea is not bad, in principle, but it also shows how helpless the German government is in its approach to Afghanistan at the moment.
At the German camp in Kunduz, soldiers have little faith that the emergency assistance, diplomatic pressure and military action will lead to decisive improvements. The Bundeswehr has just spent about ?130 million ($182 million) on an order for two defense systems, from defense contractor Rheinmetall, each of which consists of six automatically controlled 35-millimeter cannons. At 1,000 shots per minute, as the manufacturer claims, they are capable of "destroying incoming rockets in the air, before they reach their targets."
RALF BESTE, MATTHIAS GEBAUER, HOLGER STARK, ALEXANDER SZANDAR
Translated from the German by Christopher Sultan
BERLIN (Reuters) - Germany has agreed to deploy 300 further troops to Afghanistan to assist airborne surveillance in the country, a government official said on Wednesday.
The official, who requested anonymity because the cabinet meeting was still in session, said the troops would be sent to Afghanistan when NATO began the deployment of Airborne Warning and Control System (AWAC) aircraft there.
The German government had previously said it expected about 100 troops to be sent to assist the surveillance mission, which NATO defence ministers approved last Friday, and which is designed to deal with increased air traffic.
NATO commanders have long complained about the difficulty of carrying out proper surveillance in a country the size of France with poor or non-existent internal infrastructure.
Germany has about 3,800 troops in Afghanistan and there is a parliamentary mandate to send a total of 4,500 as part of the NATO mission, but an additional mandate is required for the deployment of troops to assist the surveillance mission.
The Bundestag lower house of parliament is expected to give approval in early July for the deployment.
Germany and other European countries have been under pressure from the United States to send more troops to Afghanistan, though many have been reluctant, citing public opposition to greater involvement in the country.
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