Military History | How To Make War | Wars Around the World Rules of Use How to Behave on an Internet Forum
Fighters, Bombers and Recon Discussion Board
   Return to Topic Page
Subject: How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.
Shooter    5/26/2005 5:12:16 PM
Given 20-20 hind sight, It is easy to see where R.M. went wrong with the Spitfire! The following list of items is my idea of how they should have done it, IF THEY HAD READ ANY OF THE COMMON TEXTS instead of designing a newer SPAD for the last war! 1. Start with the late Seafire or even better the Martin Baker MB-5! they have contra props and wide track gear. The MB-5 also has a much higher LOS out of the pit forward. This is also one of the Spits larger problems. 2. Change the shape/planform of the wing and eppinage from eliptical to trapiziodal. The eliptical surfaces caused the construction time and cost of the Spitfire to be more than double that of the Mustang and almost as much as the P-38. 3. Reduce the wing cord and thus area by 35-40%! This reduction in surface aria will increase the cruising speed substantialy! This is probably the single biggest defect in the design. The change in aspect ratio will also help fuel ecconomy! 4. To compensate for the increased landing and take off speeds install triple slotted fowler flaps with a long hinge extension. This gives a huge increase in wing area and changes the camber for supirior "DOG FIGHT" ability, should you ever need it! ( because the pilot really screwed up!) At full extension and deflection, they would reduce the landing speed by 11~13MPH? (Slip Stick calcs!) 5. Remove the wing mounted radiators and install a body duct like the P-51 or MB-5! This one change would add ~35MPH to the plane? 6. use the single stage griphon engine and install a "Turbo-charger" like the P-38 and Most American Bombers had. This would increase power and save weight, both significant contributers to performance. 7. Remove the guns from the wings! This would lower the polar moment of rotation and give the plane snappier rates of roll! It also makes room for "wet wings" with much more fuel. A chronic Spit problem. It also fixes the Spit's gunnery problem of designed in dispersion! 8. Install the Gun(s) in the nose! Either fireing threw the prop boss/hub or on either side 180 degrees either side of the prop CL. This fixes the afore mentioned dispersion problem. One bigger gun between the cilinder banks or upto four 20MMs beside the engine or both, depending on what your mission needs were! 9. Make a new gun based on the American 28MM or 1.1" Naval AA ammo! This shell was particuarly destructive, had a very high MV and BC and was all ready in service. A re-engineered copy of the existing gun to reduce weight and increase RoF is a faily simple task. Pay the Americans for it if British spring technology is not up to the task! it also frees up much needed production capasity for other things. 10. Design a new drawn steel "Mine" shell for the above gun! Spend the money to load it with RDX instead of the TNT used for the first 4/5s of the war. 11. Pay North American or Lockheed to design it for you, since the Supermarine staff was to tied up fixing the origional spitfire design to get it done any time soon. Did I miss anything?
 
Quote    Reply

Show Only Poster Name and Title     Newest to Oldest
AussieEngineer    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   10/30/2005 11:42:06 PM
The Germans had the same if not worse problems with pilots than England. The Germans just couldn't sustain the attack, Britain was winning the war of attrition. The spit had ample range and endurance for the mission. At most economical cruise it was only burning 25 gal/hr at full belt 89 gal/hr, with settings in between. So on average you'd get somewhere around 90 minutes of flight, with a fair bit of that at high speed. I think OBNW actually aluded to them taking off sometimes with less than full tanks, first I've heard of that but I'd like to know more about it. I've gotten the impression from books and documentaries that when they actually engaged the enemy they tended to fire off most or all of their ammunition. It makes sense considering how little training they had. I contend that missed interception were the fault of limitations of the GCI and pilot training and would have occured even if the spit had a more endurance.
 
Quote    Reply

oldbutnotwise    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   10/31/2005 4:05:03 AM
one point about air patrol that has been missed, you need more aircraft, as if you have standing patrols you need to rotate them, this means that at any one time you may have a larger proportion of your force being refueled/returning for refueling/fully fuelled and climbing fo altitude, leaving only a small force availible to attack, bear in mind that you are already outnumbered, does this sound like a good situation~?
 
Quote    Reply

Ispose    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   10/31/2005 8:57:54 AM
I think the P-40 would have been a great plane for the RAF during the BOB. While it may not have been quite as good as the Spit or 109 it was close and it was far better than the Hurricane which made up the majority of RAF fighter numbers....It was faster, better ranged, and more heavily armed..6 .50 vs 8 .303. It would have been a much better bomber killer than the Hurricane. In addition look at how well P-40's did in North Africa vs Me-109's and 110's. But realistically this is idle speculation as Curtis was probably not able to meet both Army Air Corps needs as well as the RAF's. They were only able to supply the RAF amply in 1942 when other aircraft were being produced in enough numbers to allow P-40 production to be sent to the RAF.
 
Quote    Reply

oldbutnotwise    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   10/31/2005 10:48:45 AM
the p40 availible in 1940 wasnt the p40 used in the desert, it was a lot slower, and turn climb and dive rates were also very inferior, had the 1941 P40 been availible then I would agree but the early model wasnt a match for the hurricane let alone the spit/109, and if you are taking 41 models then the hurricane II carried a better set of weapons with 4x20mm whilst giving little away to the p40. plus the P40 worked better at lowish attitudes whilst the bob was fought at farely high ones.
 
Quote    Reply

larryjcr    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   10/31/2005 11:26:47 AM
To OBNW: One last time. NOBODY is recommending STANDING PATROLS. My position is that an increase of range (and endurance) even at some sacrifice in climb rate, would have improved Frt Com performance. Reasons: During BoB barely half the sorties by Frt Com engaged the Germans at all, and a large portion of those that did engage did so from a position of about equal altitude, or even at an altitude disadvantage. With increased endurance, the time window for scrambling squadrons would have been much larger, improving both situations. The RAF GCI system in the BoB was the only such system in the world, but like all new things there were bugs in it, and due to the tactical position, (including the limited endurance of their ftrs) they had to be nearly perfect. This is why the German change of targets to London was important -- it changed the situation enough to give them a greater margin in their decisions. I don't blame the GCI people about ignoring the importance of sun direction: no one ever told them it was important until well into the BoB. Anyway, they had enough problems getting interceptions at all, without trying to control the direction of approach. With greater endurance a/c a far greater proportion of sorties could have made contact and done so with altitude in hand for a diving initial attack. Also, with greater endurance the intercepting pilots would have had the option of attacking, then disengaging to regain altitude for another diving attack. Even in the best situation, they had to attack, and stay in to make additional attacks before fuel exhaustion forced RTB. This meant getting hit on by the '109s. With so many green (often very green) pilots, mixing with the '109 quickly got VERY expensive. They (green pilots) had a far better chance to survive and learn the job, doing dive and run away to dive again attacks.
 
Quote    Reply

Ispose    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   10/31/2005 4:19:37 PM
the p40 availible in 1940 wasnt the p40 used in the desert. You're absolutely right. The 1940 model was the P-40B...Not much better than the Hurricane if at all...It still did quite well vs the Zero in the hands of the AVG but that was after they learned not to dogfight the Zero. The later P-40E model was what the RAf and RAAF used quite effectively against the Me-109E's and F's in North Africa...as fast as the Me-109 and very rugged
 
Quote    Reply

larryjcr    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   10/31/2005 5:05:21 PM
To Ispose: Actually, the RAF etc used the P40B (Tomahawk) prior to getting the later models (Kittyhawk). In fact the 100 P40Bs the AVG got were diverted from an order built for the RAF under a deal in which they got a priority on the later models.
 
Quote    Reply

oldbutnotwise    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   11/1/2005 3:41:41 AM
cgi in the bob was crude, the ground controlers could get the RAF close but not to the extent of placing them upsun, it was not like modern radar which picks out indivual aircraft, the radar of 1940 were just peaks on a oscilascope, in height they were acturate +/-1000ft, even worse with an inexperianced operator,whilst the cgi was vital to the bob it was a very crude system, for large periods of the battle the radar chain was out and they relied on the observer corp, if you read the autobiography of ginger lacy(the bob top scorer) it says, iirc, that often they used to short fill the hurricanes to improve performance trading endurance against speed knowing that the engagements were short and frenetic, the dive shoot run away and try again tactics are fine if you just intend to knock off a few bombers, but a major role was to break up the formations, this needed the aircraft to get amongst and cause havoc, they reckon that the luftwaffe needed to do this against the b17/24 raids if they had a hope of success, they failed and the rest is history(they later tried all sorts of ideas to try and get this effect, aeral bombs, rockets cables strung between fighters!!! and remeber that the germans in 44 had excelent radar
 
Quote    Reply

oldbutnotwise    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   11/1/2005 3:51:11 AM
the early kittyhawk was significantly inferior to the hurricane in an interceptor role, its performance was so poor that if not for the case of there was nothing better the RAF would have cancelled the contract, as it was it was transfered to other theaters where the air war was at lower altitude and the performace deficient not as great. the later models(merlin engined or the later Alison) actually did make the P40 superior to the mk1 hurricane and on par with the mk2 however remember that the hurricane at that time was regarded as obsolite as a fighter and was ebeing relegated to other uses. however in defence of the p40 it was by far the best fighter in service in the usaf in 1940, far superior to the dog p39, in service which is more than the p38 was. by the way a quicky for shooter, why if the spit and mossie were so inferior were they the PR planes of choice by the USAF, by end of 45 the PR squarons of the USAF were nearly exclusively spits and mossies!
 
Quote    Reply

larryjcr    RE:How to fix the design defects of the Spitfire airplane of WW-II.   11/1/2005 3:40:56 PM
To OBNW: I know that the USAAF used some Mossie PRs, and some Spits early on, when the US had nothing available and I don't know the equipement of PR units in Europe, but I do know that the PR units in the Pacific in '45 were equiped with the PR versions of the P38 and P51, not with Spitfires, and good as the Mossie was, I don't see why it would be preferred to either the Mustang or Lightning in that role. Several hundred P38s and P51s were completed as F4s,F5s and F6s. Why bother if all the PR units were using Spits and Mossies.
 
Quote    Reply



 Latest
 News
 
 Most
 Read
 
 Most
 Commented
 Hot
 Topics