|
|
September Military History
Today | January | February | March | April | May | June
July | August | September | October | November | December
Born
| 1 | 1798 | Richard Delafield, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1873 | | | 1824 | Isaac Hardin Duval, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1902 | | | 1829 | James Conner, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1883 | | | 1875 | Edgar Rice Burroughs, war correspondent, author (“Tarzan”), d. 1950 | | | 1910 | John Edward "Jack" Hawkins, Royal Welch Fusiliers, actor ("The Cruel Sea"), d. 1973 | | | 1922 | Melvin R Laird, Secretary of Defense (1969-73) | | 2 | 1837 | James H. Wilson, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1925 | | | 1838 | Lydia Kamekeha Liliuokalani, last sovereign and only Queen Regnant of Hawaii (1891-93), d. 1917 | | | 1878 | Werner von Blomberg, German field marshal and defense minister, d. 1946 | | | 1948 | Christa McAuliffe, teacher-astronaut, d. 1986, Challenger | | 3 | 1781 | Eugène de Beauharnais, Josephine’s son, Vice-Roy of Italy, d. 1824 | | | 1825 | Armistead Lindsay Long, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1891 | | | 1825 | William Wallace Burns, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1892 | | | 1831 | States Rights Gist, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1864 | | | 1835 | William Gaston Lewis, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1901 | | | 1875 | Ferdinand Porsche, German tank & car designer, d. 1951 | | | 1913 | Alan Ladd, IV-F actor (“All the Young Men”), d. 1964 | | | 1923 | Mort Walker, veteran, cartoonist (“Beetle Bailey”) | | | 1949 | Petros Papapetrou -- Patriarch Petros VIII of Alexandria (1997-2004), k. 2004, helicopter accident | | 4 | 522 | Pindar, Greek odist, d. 423 BC | | | 1241 | Alexander III, King of Scotland (1249-1286). | | | 1249 | Count Amadeo V of Savoy (1285-1323), d. 1323 | | | 1383 | Count Amadeo VIII of Savoy (1416-1434)- antipope Felix V (1439-1449), d 1451 | | | 1809 | Count Federico Luigi Menabrea, soldier, engineer, inventor, premier of Italy (1867–1869), d 1896 | | | 1810 | Donald McKay, clipper ship designer, d. 1880 | | | 1902 | Mary Renault, novelist ("The King Must Die"), d. 1983 | | 5 | 1187 | King Louis VIII of France (1223-26) | | | 1319 | Pedro "the Ceremonious," King Pedro IV of Aragon, I of Sardinia and Corsica, I of Valencia (1336-1387), and I of Majorca (1346–1387) | | | 1638 | King Louis XIV of France (1643-1715), who "loved war too much" | | | 1771 | Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz, Archduke of Austria, d. 1847, Napoleon's greatest enemy | | | 1815 | Tyree Harris Bell, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1902 | | | 1827 | Geoffredo Mameli, Italian nationalist, soldier-composer (“Fratelli d'Italia”), d/w 1849 | | | 1847 | Jesse James, Confederate raider, outlaw, killed 1882 | | | 1902 | Darryl F Zanuck, underage Doughboy, film magnate ("The Longest Day"), d. 1979 | | | 1905 | Arthur Koestler, novelist ("Darkness at Noon"), suicide 1983 | | | 1929 | Andrian G Nikolayev, USSR, cosmonaut | | 6 | 1757 | Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, The Marquis de La Fayette, international revolutionary hero, honorary American, d. 1834 | | | 1797 | William "Extra Billy" Smith, Maj Gen, C.S.A. | | | 1811 | James Melville Gilliss, founded the Naval Observatory | | | 1815 | John Richardson Liddell, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1887 | | | 1819 | William Starke Rosecrans, Maj Gen, U.S., who attained "the edge of glory", d. 1898 | | | 1827 | John Morrison Oliver, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1872 | | | 1860 | Jane Addams, 1931 Peace Nobelist, d. 1935 | | | 1923 | King Peter II Karadjordjevic of Yugoslavia (1934-45), d. 1970 | | | 1944 | Swoosie Kurtz, actress named after her father's B-17 | | | 1946 | Bryan D O'Connor, USMC, astronaut | | 7 | 15 | Aulus Vitellius, gourmand, Roman Emperor, 1 Jan/Apr 16-Dec 20, 69 | | | 1388 | Giovanni Maria Visconti I, Duke of Milan, assassinated 1412 | | | 1471 | King Frederik I of Denmark and Norway (1523-33) | | | 1533 | "Gloriana" - Queen Elizabeth of England (1558-1603) | | | 1811 | William Hamsley Emory, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1887 | | | 1815 | Howell Cobb II, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1868 | | | 1913 | Anthony Quayle, actor (“Lawrence of Arabia”), d. 1989 | | | 1914 | James Van Allen, co-inventor of the proximity fuze, with a belt named after him, d. 2006 | | | 1923 | Peter Lawford, veteran, actor (“The Longest Day”), d. 1984 | | | 1930 | King Baudouin I of Belgium (1951-1991) | | 8 | 15 | Mary, the mother of Jesus [Trad-more probably c. 20 BC] | | | 1157 | King Richard I “Lionheart" of England (1189-99) | | | 1207 | King Sancho II of Portugal (1223-1247), deposed, d. 1248 | | | 1474 | Ludovico Ariosto, epic poet ("Orlando Furioso"), d. 1533 | | | 1499 | Diane de Poitiers, mistress of Henri II, d. 1566 | | | 1592 | Peter Stuyvesant, general, Dutch Director-General of the colony of New Netherland (1647-1664), d. 1672 | | | 1621 | Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, le Grand Condé, Victor of Rocroi, d. 1686 | | | 1765 | Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari - Pope Gregory XVI (1730-1746) | | | 1779 | Ottoman Sultan Mustafa IV (1807-08), deposed and murdered | | | 1821 | Henry Baxter, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1873 | | | 1828 | Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, Maj Gen, U.S. | | | 1829 | George Crook, Maj Gen, U.S., noted Indian fighter, d. 1890 | | | 1829 | Seth Maxwell Barton, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1900 | | | 1886 | Siegfried Sassoon, war poet, author (Memoirs of an Infantry Officer), d. 1967 | | 9 | 214 | Aurelian, Roman Emperor (270-275) | | | 384 | Flavius Honorius, Roman Emperor (395-423) | | | 1585 | Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu, Cardinal-Duc de Richelieu, d. 1642 | | | 1754 | William Bligh, of the Bounty, d. 1817 | | | 1809 | William Radford, naval officer, U.S., d. 1890 | | | 1817 | Speed Smith Fry, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1892 | | | 1819 | Martin Luther Smith, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1866 | | | 1826 | Thomas John Lucas, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1908 | | | 1828 | Leo Tolstoy, veteran, novelist ("War and Peace"), d. 1910 | | | 1834 | William MacRae, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1882 | | | 1925 | Cliff Robertson, actor ("PT-109"), warbird collector | | | 1956 | Anatoli Pavlovich Artsebarsky, cosmonaut (Soyuz TM-12) | | 10 | 1487 | Gianmaria Ciocchi del Monte - Pope Julius III (1550-1555) | | | 1731 | Carter Braxton, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1797 | | | 1771 | Mungo Park, celebrated Scottish explorer (“Travels to the Interior Parts of West Africa”), drowned 1806 | | | 1810 | Albert Gallatin Blanchard, Brig Gen, C.S.A. | | | 1815 | Eleazer Arthur Paine, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1882 | | | 1832 | Randall Lee Gibson, Brig Gen, C.S.A. d. 1892 | | | 1836 | Joseph Wheeler II, Maj Gen, C.S.A. & U.S., mediocre in either service, d. 1906 | | | 1933 | Yevgeny V Khrunov, USSR, cosmonaut, d. 2000 | | | 1945 | Richard M Mullane, USAF, astronaut | | 11 | 1525 | Duke Johan Georg of Brandenburg (1571-1591) | | | 1806 | Joshua Blackwood Howell, Brig Gen, U.S. d. 1864 | | | 1813 | Conrad Feger Jackson, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1862 | | | 1835 | William Wirt Allen, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1894 | | | 1877 | Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky, Chekist, mass murderer, d. 1935 | | | 1935 | Gherman Titov, 1st man to spend a day in space, Vostok 2, d. 2000 | | | 1937 | Robert L Crippen, USN, astronaut | | 12 | 1494 | François I of Valois, King of France (1515-1547), esthete, blockhead, and liar | | | 1659 | PrFerdinand Willem, Duke of Wurttemberg-Neuenstadt, , Dutch general (Steenkerque, 1692), d 1701. | | | 1806 | Andrew Hull Foote, naval officer, U.S., d. 1863 | | | 1818 | Richard Jordan Gatling, who invented a clever device, d.1903 | | | 1852 | Hubert H Asquith, premier Great Britain (1908-16), d. 1928 | | | 1888 | Maurice Chevalier, entertaining Nazi collaborator, d. 1972 | | | 1891 | Pedro Albizu Campos, Puerto Rican nationalist, d. 1965 | | | 1913 | James "Jesse" Owens, who spoiled Hitler's 1936 Olympics, d. 1980 | | 13 | 1806 | Joseph Lewis Hogg, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1862 | | | 1813 | John Sedgwick, Major Gen, U.S., KIA 1864 | | | 1817 | John McAuley Palmer, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1900 | | | 1836 | John McCausland, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1927 | | | 1851 | Walter Reed, U.S.A., confirmed mosquitoes caused yellow fever, d. 1902 | | | 1860 | General of the Armies John J. Pershing, d 1948 | | | 1863 | Arthur Henderson, pacifist, 1934 Nobel Peace Prize, d. 1935 | | | 1887 | Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., who earned every American decoration for ground combat, d. 1944 | | | 1895 | Capt. Bernard A. Warburton-Lee, RN, winner of the first VC of World War II, Narvik, 1940, postumously | | | 1941 | Oscar Arias Sanchez, President of Costa Rica, Nobel Peace Prize (1987) | | 14 | 208 | Marcus Opellius Antoninus Diadumenianus, co-Roman Emperor with Macrinus, his father (May-June 218) | | | 1819 | Henry Jackson Hunt, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1889 | | | 1835 | Joseph Hayes, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1912 | | | 1838 | John Pelham, Major, C.S.A., "The Gallant Pelham," KIA 1863 | | | 1864 | Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood , 1937 Peace Nobelist, d. 1958 | | | 1900 | Andrei Andreyevich Vlasov, Soviet general, traitor, executed 1946 | | | 1913 | Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (1951-54) overthrown by the CIA, d. 1971 | | 15 | 1789 | James Fenimore Cooper, naval officer, author (“History of the Navy of the United States of America”), d. 1851 | | | 1830 | Porfirio Diaz, general-president of Mexico (1877-1911), d. 1915 | | | 1857 | William Howard Taft, SecWar, President (1909-1913), Chief Justice (1921-30), d. 1930 | | | 1904 | King Umberto II of Italy (May 9, 1946-June 12, 1946), d. 1983 | | | 1914 | Creighton Abrams, soldier, d. 1974 | | | 1941 | Miroslaw Hermaszewski, 1st Pole in space (Soyuz 30) | | | 1946 | Oliver Stone, Vietnam veteran, director (“Platoon”) | | 16 | 1387 | King Henry V of England (1413-22) | | | 1745 | Mikhail I. Kutusov, Russian marshal who defeated Napoleon, d. 1813 | | | 1823 | Francis Parkman, historian (“France and England in North America”), d. 1893 | | | 1832 | George Washington Custis Lee, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1913 | | | 1837 | King Pedro V of Portugal (1853-61) | | 17 | 64 | Julia Flavia, daughter of Titus, later emperor, d. AD 91 | | | 879 | King Charles III “the Simple” of France (893-923) | | | 1271 | King Wenceslas II of Bohemia & Poland (1278-1305) | | | 1550 | Camillo Borghese - Pope Paul V (1506-1621) | | | 1730 | Friederich Wilhelm Ludorf Gerhard Augustin von Steuben, d. 1794 | | | 1800 | Franklin Buchanan, naval officer, C.S.A, d. 1874 | | | 1820 | Earl Van Dorn, Maj Gen, C.S.A., shot by a jealous husband, 1863, probably to the benefit of the Confederate war effort | | | 1857 | Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, pioneer rocketeer & space scientist, d. 1935 | | 18 | 52 | Marcus Ulpius Traianus - Roman Emperor Trajan (98-117) | | | 1733 | George Read, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1798 | | | 1805 | Robert Cowdin, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1874 | | | 1815 | Henry Constantine Wayne, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1883 | | | 1818 | Marcellus Augustus Stovall, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1895 | | | 1932 | Nikolai N Rukavishnikov, cosmonaut, d. 2002 | | 19 | 86 | Antoninus Pius, Roman Emperor (138-161) | | | 866 | Leo VI the Wise, Byzantine Emperor (886-912) | | | 1551 | Henry III, Duke of Anjou, King of Poland and France (1573-89) | | | 1737 | Charles Carroll of Carrollton, d. 1832, the last surviving Signer of the Declaration of Independence | | | 1800 | William Wister McKean, naval officer, U.S. d. 1865 | | | 1802 | Louis Kossuth, President of Hungary (1848-1849), d. 1887 | | | 1822 | Joseph Rodman West, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1898 | | | 1919 | Marek Edelman, hero of the Warsaw Ghetto & Warsaw uprisings, cardiologist, Polish nationalist, d. 2009 | | 20 | 357 | Alexander III "the Great" of Macedonia, ambitious drunkard, d. 323 BC | | | 1809 | Sterling "Old Pap" Price, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1867 | | | 1810 | Alpheus Starkey Williams, Brig Gen, U.S., d.1878 | | | 1820 | George Washington Morgan, Brig Gen, U.S. | | | 1820 | John Fulton Reynolds, Maj Gen, U.S., kia Gettysburg, 1863 | | | 1833 | Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, 1907Nobel Peace Prize, d.1918 | | | 1853 | Rama V Chulalongkorn, King of Siam (1868-1910) | | | 1859 | Yuan Shikai, Chinese general, President (1912-1916), Emperor (Jan 1-Mar 22, 1916), Ptresident (Mar 22-Jun 6, 1916), d. June 6, 1916 | | | 1872 | Maurice Gamelin, French generalissimo who lost the big one in 1940, d. 1958 | | 21 | 1372 | Frederik I von Hohenzollern of Brandenburg (1417-40) [see Deaths] | | | 1415 | Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (1440-1493) | | | 1452 | Girolamo Savonarola, Florentine monk, preacher, radical, BBQed 1498 | | | 1817 | Carter Littlepage Stevenson, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1888 | | | 1820 | Williams Carter Wickham, Brig Gen, C.S.A. d. 1888 | | | 1824 | Joseph Andrew Jackson Lightburn, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1901 | | | 1827 | Michael Corcoran, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1863 | | | 1832 | Samuel Sprigg Carroll, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1893 | | | 1840 | Ottoman Sultan Murad V (May30- Aug 31, 1876), d. 1904 | | | 1866 | H. G. Wells, wargamer, foresighted author ("The Land Ironclads", "Litte Wars"), d. 1946 | | | 1867 | Henry Stimson, NYNG Sqn A, WW I veteran, SecWar (1911-1913, 1940-1945), SecState (1929-1933), d. 1950 | | | 1909 | Kwame Nkrumah, inept President/Dictator of Ghana (1958-1966), d. 1972 | | 22 | 1606 | Li Zicheng/Li Tzu-ch'eng, sometime bandit who toppled the Ming, k 1645 | | | 1796 | Cornelius Kinchiloe Stribling, naval officer, U.S., d. 1880 | | | 1822 | Eppa Hunton, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1908 | | | 1827 | John Grubb Parke, Maj Gen, U.S. d. 1900 | | | 1829 | William Worth Belknap, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1890 | | | 1833 | Stephen Dill Lee, Lt Gen, C.S.A., d. 1908 | | | 1882 | Wilhelm Keitel, German field marshal, war criminal, executed 1946 | | | 1895 | Paul Muni, actor ("Juarez"), d. 1967 | | 23 | 63 | Gaius Octavius – Augustus: first & greatest Roman Emperor (27 BC-14 AD) | | | 480 | Euripides, dramatist (“Iphigenia at Aulis”), d. c. 405 BC | | | 1713 | King Ferdinand VI of Spain (1746-1759) | | | 1791 | Karl Theodor Körner, Prussian war poet, kia 1813 | | | 1816 | Julius White, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1890 | | | 1820 | Thomas Kilby Smith, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1887 | | | 1890 | riedrich Wilhelm Ernst Paulus, German FM, who had his Waterloo at Stalingrad, d. 1957 | | | 1897 | Walter Pidgeon, actor ("Mrs. Miniver"), d. 1984 | | | 1910 | Elliot Roosevelt, Brig Gen, USAAF, d. 1990 | | 24 | 1583 | Albrecht von Wallenstein, military entrepreneur, assassinated, 1634 | | | 1739 | Prince Grigori Alexandrovich Potyomkin-Tavricheski, soldier, statesman, Catherine the Great's lover, d. 1791 | | | 1755 | John Marshall, soldier, Chief Justice (1801-1835), d. 1835 | | | 1824 | Truman Seymour, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1891 | | | 1827 | Henry Warner Slocum, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1894 | | | 1829 | James St Clair Morton, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1864 | | | 1833 | Henry Alanson Barnum, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1892 | | | 1884 | Mustafa Ismet Inonu, Turkish general, President (1938–1950), d. 1973 | | 25 | 1657 | Imre Thököly, Hungarian patriot, d. 1705 | | | 1744 | King Frederik Willem II of Prussia (1786-97) | | | 1822 | Baron Adolph Wilhelm August Friedrich von Steinwehr, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1877 | | | 1823 | Thomas John Wood, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1906 | | | 1877 | Plutarco Elias Calles, Mexican revolutionary and president (1924-28), d. 1945 | | | 1906 | Dmitri Shostakovich, composer ("The Leningrad Suite"), d. 1975 | | 26 | 1750 | Cuthbert, Admiral Lord Collingwood, Nelson’s friend, d. 1810 | | | 1759 | Johann David Ludwig Graf Yorck von Wartenburg, Prussian field marshal and reformer, d. 1830 | | | 1821 | Alvin Peterson Hovey, Brig Gen, U.S., 1891 | | | 1870 | King Christian X of Denmark (1912-47) | | | 1897 | Giovanni Battista Montini - Pope Paul VI (1963-1978) | | 27 | 1601 | King Louis XIII of France (1610-43) | | | 1657 | Sophia Alekseyevna, Regent of Russia (1682-89), d. 1704 | | | 1722 | Samuel Adams, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1803 | | | 1783 | Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Aramburu, Emperor Agustín I of Mexico (May 19, 1822-Mar 19, 1823), d. 1824 | | | 1803 | Samuel Francis DuPont, naval officer, U.S., d. 1865 | | | 1809 | Raphael Semmes, naval officer, C.S.N., d. 1877 | | | 1824 | William Nelson, Maj Gen, U.S., murdered 1862 | | | 1830 | William Babcock Hazen, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1887 | | | 1835 | John Murray Corse, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1893 | | | 1840 | Alfred Thayer Mahan, who influenced history, d. 1914 | | | 1840 | Thomas Nast, militiaman, cartoonist, bigot, d. 1902 | | 28 | 106 | Pompey the Great (see Events) | | | 551 | Confucius/Kung Fuzi/K'ung-fu-tzu, d. 479 BC | | | 1573 | Michelangelo da Caravaggio, Renaissance master, murderer, d. 1610 | | | 1833 | James Deering Fessenden, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1897 | | | 1840 | Alexander Swift "Sandie" Pendleton, Confederate staff officer, d/w 1864 | | | 1841 | Georges Clemenceau, French premier (1906-09, 1917-20), d. 1929 | | | 1852 | Field Marshal Sir John French, First GOC BEF, d. 1925 | | | 1889 | King Carlos of Portugal (1889-1908), assassinated | | | 1905 | Max Schmeling, Hitler’s heavyweight, Fallschirmjaeger, d. 2005 | | | 1940 | Alexander Sergeyevich Ivanchenkov, cosmonaut | | 29 | 1276 | King Christopher II of Denmark | | | 1547 | Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, marine, author ("Don Quixote"), d. 1616 | | | 1583 | Count Johan VIII de Jongere of Nassau-Siegen | | | 1755 | Robert Clive, office clerk, empire builder, d. 1774 | | | 1758 | Horatio Nelson, kia, 1805 | | | 1829 | Bradley Tyler Johnson, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1903 | | | 1829 | Giles Alexander Smith, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1876 | | | 1830 | John Parker Hawkins, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1914 | | | 1831 | John McAlister Schofield, Maj Gen, U.S., SecWar, d. 1906 | | | 1901 | Enrico Fermi, who discovered a new world, d. 1954 | | | 1907 | Gene Autry, CBI airman, cowboy, d. 1998 | | | 1916 | Trevor Howard, Royal Signalman, actor ("Mutiny on Bounty"), d. 1988 | | | 1943 | Lech Walesa, President of Poland (1990-1995) | | 30 | 1627 | Robinson Crusoe | | | 1805 | Samuel Peter Heintzelman, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1880 | | | 1827 | Kenner Garrard, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1879 | | | 1917 | Chung Hee Park, general, Pres of Korea (1961-79), assassinated | | | 1934 | Elie Wiesel, Survivor, Peace Nobelist (1986) |
Died
| 1 | 1067 | Count Baldwin V of Flanders (1035-1067) | | | 1159 | Pope Adrian IV - Nicholas Breakspear (1152-1159), c. 59, the only English pope | | | 1557 | Jacques Cartier, 65, French explorer | | | 1680 | Elector Johan Georg II of Saxon (1656-80), at 67 | | | 1715 | Louis XIV "The Sun King" of France (1643-1715), at 76 | | | 1838 | William Clark, of the Lewis & Clark Expedition, at 68 | | | 1862 | Maj Gen Phil Kearny, 47, "the bravest man in the Union Army," kia, Chantilly | | | 1862 | Maj. Gen. Isaac I. Stevens, U.S.A., 44, kia, Chantilly | | | 1864 | Emmeran Bliemel, CSA, only Catholic chaplain kia in the Civil War | | | 1961 | William Z Foster, Stalinist puppet, chairman CPUSA, 1945-57, at 80 | | | 1981 | Albert Speer, 78, Nazi, architect, con artist | | 2 | 1022 | High-King Máel Sechnaill II mac Domnaill "the Great" of Ireland (980-1002, 1014-1022), kia | | | 1328 | Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli, condottiero, Lord of Lucca (1316-1327), c. 74 | | | 1482 | Pietro Maria II “il Magnifico” of San Secondo, at 79 | | | 1547 | Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro, c. 61, conquistador, lawyer | | | 1813 | Jean Victor Moreau, 49, former French General, d/w Dresden, while in Russian service | | | 1953 | Gen. Jonathan Wainwright, b. 1883 | | 3 | 175 | King Seleucus IV Philopator of Syria (187-175 BC) | | | 1189 | Rabbi Jacob of Orleans, killed in anti-Jewish riot in London | | | 1625 | King James VI of Scotland (1567-1625) and I of England (1603-25), 58 | | | 1658 | Oliver Cromwell, dictator of England (1653-58), mass murderer, at 59 | | | 1929 | Owen Thomas Edgar, last known Mexican War veteran, at 98 | | | 1948 | Edvard Benes, 64, President of Czechoslovakia (1935-1938, 1940-1948), at | | | 1969 | Ho Chi Minh/Nguyen Sinh Cung, Vietnamese revolutionary, President (1945-1969) | | | 1991 | Frank Capra, 94, veteran, film maker ("Why We Fight") | | 4 | 422 | Pope St Boniface I (418-422) | | | 1012 | John III Docibilus, Duke of Gaeta (1008-1012), c. 25 | | | 1402 | Gian Galeazzo Visconti, first Duke of Milan (1395-1402), c. 51 | | | 1804 | Richared Somers, naval officer, kia at Tripoli, c. 24 | | | 1864 | Brig. Gen. John Hunt Morgan, C.S.A, kia, 39 | | | 1974 | Creighton W Abrams, soldier, at 59 | | | 1986 | Henry “Hammerin’ Hank” Greenberg, ball player, OSS agent, at 75 | | | 1989 | Sir Ronald Syme, 86, historian (“The Roman Revolution”) | | 5 | 1235 | Duke Henri I of Brabant and Lorraine (1190-1235), at c. 70 | | | 1566 | Ottoman Sultan Suleiman I “the Magnificent” (1520-66), 72 | | | 1571 | Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, Regent of Scotland (1570-1571), kia at Stirling | | | 1599 | Marchesa Costanza de Santa Croce, stabbed to death at 60 by her son, Paolo, for refusing to make him heir to her estates | | | 1683 | Jean-Baptiste Colbert, 64, French Minister of Finance (1665-1683) | | | 1803 | Pierre Ambrose Choderlos de Laclos, general, author (“Les Liaisons Dangereus”), at 61 | | | 1877 | Crazy Horse, 32-35, cavalryman, killed "trying to escape" | | | 1912 | Lt Gen Arthur MacArthur, Jr., American soldier, b. 1845 | | | 1997 | Mother Teresa, Peace Nobelist, at 87 | | 6 | 972 | Pope John XIII (965-972) | | | 1433 | Pier Gentile I da Varano, Co-Lord of Camerino (1424-1433), beheaded at Recanati at c. 33 | | | 1634 | Capt Silvio Pallavicino, Patrician of Siena & Firenze, kia at Nordlingen | | | 1634 | Carlo Orsini, Count of Muro Lucano, kia Nordlingen | | | 1701 | James II, sometime naval officer, King of England and Scotland (1685-1688), in exile at 68 | | | 1945 | Vice-Adm. John S. McCain, Sr., 61, four days after attending the Japanese surrender | | | 1966 | Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd, South African PM (1985-1966) stabbed by a deranged man | | | 2005 | 1st Sgt Mark Matthews, at 111, the last “Buffalo Soldier” | | 7 | 355 | Roman emperor-wannabe Claudius Silvanus (Aug 11-Sep 7, 355), murdered in the Rhineland | | | 1134 | King Alfonso I of Aragon (1104-34), c. 60 | | | 1151 | Count Geoffrey V of Anjou (1129-1151), the first Plantagenet, at 38 | | | 1298 | Andrea Dandolo, Venetian Admiral, kia at Curzola | | | 1548 | Catherine Parr, c. 36, Mrs. Henry VIII No. 6 (1543–1547), of natural causes | | | 1603 | Marco Caltizzone, Pretender to the throne of Portugal, executed by the Spanish | | | 1741 | Adm Blas de Lezo, 52, defender of Cartagena de las Indias (March 13–May 20, 1741) | | | 1997 | Mobutu Sese Seku, Dictator of Zaire (1965-1997), at 66 | | | 2002 | Uzi Gal, Israeli weapons designer, at 79 | | 8 | 701 | Pope Sergius I (687-701) | | | 780 | Byzantine Emperor Leo IV (775-80), 30 | | | 1397 | Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, 42, smothered at Calais by agents of his nephew, Richard II | | | 1613 | Prince Carlo Gesualdo of Venosa, musician, murderer, at 47 | | | 1881 | Prince Frederik of the Netherlands, general and admiral, at 84 | | | 1888 | Annie Chapman, c. 47, Jack the Ripper’s second victim | | | 1933 | King Faisal I ibn Hussein ibn Ali of Iraq (1921-1933), at 50 | | | 1935 | Louisiana Senator Huey P. Long, 42, shot by Dr. Carl Austin Weiss, Jr. | | | 1935 | Dr. Carl Austin Weiss, Jr, 28, shot by Long's bodyguards. | | | 1951 | Jurgen Stroop, 56, Nazi commander of the Warsaw Ghetto, hanged | | | 2003 | Bertha Helene Amalie “Leni” Riefenstahl, Nazi film maker, at 101 | | 9 | 490 | Kalimachos/ Callimachus, Polemarch of the Athenians and 191 other Athenian & Plataean heroes, plus c. 6,400 Persians, kia at Marathon | | | 490 | Phidippides, c. 40, having run c. 250 KM in 3-4 days; Athens to Sparta & back, then to Marathon, to fight, & back to Athens with the good news | | | 1087 | King William I “the Conqueror” of England (1066-1087), Duke William II "the Bastard" of Normandy (1035-1067), c. 58 | | | 1488 | Francis II, last Duke of Brittany (1458-1488), 55 | | | 1976 | Mao Tse-Tung, poet, scholar, mass murderer, at 82 | | | 2001 | Ahmad Shah Massood, 48, "The Lion of Panjshir" - Afghan resistance leader, assassinated by al Qaeda | | | 2003 | Edward Teller, "Father of the H-Bomb," at 95 | | 10 | 954 | King Louis IV d'Outremer of France (936-954), kia, c. 34 | | | 1067 | Lady Godiva, Countess of Mercia, c. 85. | | | 1148 | Roberto "il Magnifico" Malatesta, 40, Lord of Rimini (1468-1482), condottiero, murderer, natural causes - unusual in his trade & family | | | 1382 | King Louis I "the Great" of Hungary and Poland (1342-1382), b. 1326 | | | 1419 | John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy (1404-1419), assassinated by the Dauphin, at 48 | | | 1419 | Duke John the Fearless of Burgundy (1404-1419), at 48 | | | 1482 | Federico III de Montefeltro, 60, Lord (1444-1474) and Duke (1474-1482) of Urbino, Condottiero and Patron of the Arts | | | 1547 | Pier Luigi Farnese, 43, son of Pope Paul III, Duke of Parma, Piacenza, & Castro, Captain General of the Holy Church, murdered by recalcitrant subjects | | | 1598 | Francesco Cenci, Roman nobleman, c. 50, bludgeoned to death with a hammer by his children & second wife for raping his daughter (See Sep 11th) | | | 1827 | Ugo Foscolo, 49, Italian nationalist poet | | | 1862 | Carlos Antonio Lopez, 71, Dictator/President of Paraguay (1844-1862) | | | 1977 | Hamida Djandoubi, c. 27, having the honor of being the last person guillotined in France | | | 1990 | Samuel Kanyon Doe, 39, Dictator/President of Liberia (1980-90), butchered | | 11 | 1599 | Giacomo Cenci, nobleman, delimbed and beheaded, and his sister Beatrice Cenci, 22, and their step mother Lucrezia Petroni, both beheaded, for murdering Francesco Cenci a year and a day earlier | | | 1971 | Nikita Khrushchev, 77, War Commissar, Stalingrad, 1942-1943, First Secretary, CPUSSR (1954-1964) & Premier of the USSR (1958-1964), heart attack | | | 1973 | Chilean President Salvador Allende (1966–1969), 65, in a coup, probably suicide, but possibly shot to prevent capture | | | 2001 | Nearly 3000 Americans and others, murdered by Islamist terrorists in the U.S. | | | 2003 | Swedish Foreign Minister Ylva Anna Maria Lindh,46, having been stabbed by Mijailo Mijailovich, apparently derranged, on the 10th | | | 2004 | Patriarch Petros VIII of Alexandria (1997-2004), 55, and 16 others, helicopter accident at Mt. Athos | | 12 | 1015 | Lamert the Bearded, First Count of Louvain (????-1015), 65, kia at Florennes, by Duke Godfrey II of Lower Lorraine | | | 1185 | Andronicus I Comnenus, 67, Byzantine Emperor (1183-85), torn to pieces by a mob | | | 1213 | King Pedro II of Aragon (1196-1213), kia at Muret, at c. 39 | | | 1362 | Pope Innocent VI - Étienne Aubert (1352-1362), c. 70-80 | | | 1500 | Duke Albrecht III of Saxony (1464-1500), at 57 | | | 1642 | Henri Coiffier de Ruzé(22), Marquis of Cinq-Mars, favourite of Louis XIII, and François De Thou (35), decapitated by Richelieu at Lyon for conspiracy | | | 1683 | King Afonso VI of Portugal (1656-67), at 40 | | | 1691 | Elector Johan Georg III of Saxony (1680-91), at 44 | | | 1977 | Stephen Biko, murdered at 30 by the South African apartheid regime | | | 2006 | Joachim Fest, historian ("Hitler"), b. 1926 | | 13 | 81 | Roman Emperor Titus (79-81), at 41 | | | 1321 | Dante Alighieri, cavalryman, poet ("The Divine Comedy"), c. 56 | | | 1438 | Dom Duarte, King of Portugal (1433-1438), at 46 | | | 1598 | King Philip II of Spain (1556-98), at 71 | | | 1759 | James Wolfe, 32, British general, KIA on the Plains of Abraham | | | 1803 | John Barry, c. 58, first commodore of the U.S. Navy | | | 1918 | Fanya Kaplan, 28, Socialist Revolutionary Party member, shot for trying to kill Lenin on August 30th | | | 1921 | Ludwig-Alexander Battenberg/Mountbatten, British admiral, at 67 | | 14 | 786 | Abbasid Caliph Abu Abdullah Musa ibn Mahdi al-Hadi of Baghdad (785-786), possbly murdered, possibly by his mother | | | 1146 | Imad ad-Din Atabeg Zengi, Atabeg of Mosul, Aleppo, Hama, & Edessa (1127–1146), murdered | | | 1523 | Pope Adrian VI - Adrian Dedel (1522-1523), 64; last non-Italian pope until 1978 | | | 1759 | French Gen. Louis Montcalm, 47, m/w, the Plains of Abraham, Sept 13th | | | 1852 | The Duke of Wellington, at 83 | | | 1899 | Henry H. Bliss, 69, of injuries from being struck by a cab the previous evening at West 74th Street & Central Park West - America's first auto-fatality | | | 1901 | Pres Wm. McKinley, 58, of gunshot wounds suffered on the 6th | | | 1911 | Piotr Stolypin, 49, Russian premier (1908-1911), assassinated by Mordka Bogrov, and agent of the secret police | | | 1982 | Bashir Gemayel, president-elect of Lebanon, a bomb | | 15 | 668 | Byzantine Emperor Constans II Pogonatus (641-668), assassinated at c. 37 | | | 1054 | King García Sánchez III of Navarre (1035-1054), c. 40, kia fighting his brother, Ferdinand I of Leon Castile | | | 1231 | Duke Louis I Wittelsbach of Bavaria (1183-1231), Count Palatine of the Rhine (1214-1231), 57 | | | 1482 | Condottiero Giacomo da Roccabianca, kia at San Secondo, the Romagna | | | 1859 | Isambard Kingdom Brunel, naval architect, engineer (SS Great Eastern), at 53 | | | 1973 | King Gustav VI Adolfus of Sweden (1950-1973), at 90 | | | 1982 | Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, c.46, former Iranian foreign minister (1978-1980), executed by the Islamists he served | | 16 | 655 | Pope St. Martin I (649-653), in exile | | | 1087 | Pope Victor III (May 24, 1086-Sep 16, 1087), c. 60 | | | 1380 | King Charles V “the Wise” of France (1364-80), 42 | | | 1394 | Robert of Geneva - Anti-Pope Clement VII (1378 - 1394), c. 63, known as "The Butcher of Cesena." | | | 1498 | Tomas de Torquemada, c. 78, Grand Inquisitor of Spain (1483-1498) | | | 1824 | King Louis XVIII of France (1814-24), 68 | | | 1862 | Col. Dixon Standsbury Miles, US, 58, kia, Harper's Ferry | | | 1948 | Ferdinand I, Prince (1887–1908) and Tsar (1908–1918) of Bulgaria, 87 | | | 2006 | Helene Deschamps Adams, Heroine of the Resistance, at 85 | | 17 | 1312 | King Ferdinand V of Castile (1295 - 1312) and León (1301-1312), at 26 | | | 1322 | Count Robert III of of Nevers (1273-1322) & of Flanders (1305-1322), C. 72 -- "The Lion of Flanders". | | | 1515 | Chiappino Orsini, Lord of Monte Vitozzo, kia, Marignano | | | 1665 | King Philip IV of Spain (1621-1665) and III of Portugal (1605–1640), 60 | | | 1771 | Tobias George Smollett, 50, soldier, sailor, novelist ("Roderick Random") | | | 1850 | Jose de San Martin, Liberator, in exile in France at 72 | | | 1868 | Wiquini “Roman Nose”, c. 33, Cheyenne leader, kia, Battle of Beecher Island | | | 1879 | Eugene Emmanuel Violletle-le Duc, 65, architect, historian ("Annals of a Fortress") | | | 1908 | Lt. Thomas Selfridge, 26, first person to die in an airplane crash, Arlington, Va. | | | 1948 | Count Folke Bernadotte, 53, UN mediator, assassinated by the Irgun | | | 1980 | Anastasio Somoza, USMA 1946, Dictaor/President of Nicaragua (1967-1972, 1974-1979), assassinated | | | 2006 | Dorothy Stratton, Director, the SPARS - Coast Guard Women's Reserve, 1942-1946, at 107 | | 18 | 96 | Roman Emperor Domitian (81-96), murdered at 44 | | | 1100 | Geoffrey of Bouillon, crusader, “Defender of the Holy Sepulcher”, at c. 40 | | | 1137 | King Erik II of Denmark (1134-1137), c. 47, murdered | | | 1180 | King Louis VII the Young of France (1137-1180), 60 | | | 1345 | Prince Andreas of Hugnary (18), husband to Queen Giovanna I of Naples, murdered, perhaps by her order | | | 1872 | King Charles XV of Sweden and IV Norway (1859-72), 46 | | | 1961 | UN SecGen Dag Hammarskjold (1953–1961), 56, plane crash, Rhodesia | | 19 | 1356 | Walter VI/Gautier VI de Brienne, titular King of Athens (1311–1356), 52, Constable of France, kia at Poitiers | | | 1435 | John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (1389-1435), 46, brother to Henry V | | | 1528 | Malatesta VI dei Malatesti, Captain General of Venice, shot during the siege of Pavia, at c. 50 | | | 1864 | Col. George S. Patton, kia leading the 22nd Virginia, Winchester | | | 1881 | James A. Garfield, Maj Gen, U.S., and President (1881), of wounds from an assassin, at 49 | | 20 | 451 | King Theodoric I of the Visigoths (418-451), kia, Chalons-sur-Marne | | | 1384 | Louis, Count and Duke of Anjou (1360-1384), titular King of Naples (1383-1384), while campaigning to make it real, at c. 45 | | | 1803 | Robert Emmet, 23, Irish nationalist, executed | | | 1944 | John Grayburn, 26, KIA at Arnhem with 2nd Parachute Regiment, earning the Victoria Cross | | | 1947 | Fiorello La Guardia, 64, bomber pilot (1917-18), Mayor of NY (1933-45) | | | 2005 | Simon Wiesenthal, Survivor, Nazi Hunter, at 96 | | 21 | 687 | Pope Conon (21 Oct 686-21 Sep 687) | | | 1235 | King Andres II Arpad of Hungary (1205-35), c. 58 | | | 1327 | King Edward II of England (1307-1327), murdered at 43 | | | 1397 | Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel and 10th Earl of Surrey (1376-1397), c. 50, beheaded for treason | | | 1440 | Frederik I von Hohenzollern of Brandenburg (1417-40), on his 68th birthday | | | 1520 | Ottoman Sultan Selim I Yavuz (1512-1520), c. 50-55, conqueror of Baghdad | | | 1558 | Charles V, HR Emperor (1519-1555) & King Carlos I of Spain (1506-1555), and nearly 300 other titles, in retirement | | | 1796 | Gen. François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers, of wounds from Altenkirchen (19th), at 27 | | | 1904 | Hinmuuttu-yalatlat - Chief Joseph, 64, who once said "I will fight no more forever." | | | 1939 | Premier Armand Calinescu of Romania (Mar 7, 1939–Sep 21, 1939), 46, murdered | | | 1957 | Haakon VII, 86, first modern king of Norway (1905-57) | | | 1966 | Paul Reynaud, premier France (1940) who wasn't tough enough | | | 1976 | Marcos Orlando Letelier del Solar, 44, former Chilean politician, car bomb by Chilean agents, in Washington | | 22 | 19 | Publius Vergilius Maro, who sang of arms, at 51 | | | 1241 | Snorri Sturlusson, Icelandic poet & historian, at c. 60 | | | 1325 | Andreuzzo Ferrucci, condottiero, kia, Altopascio at c. 35 | | | 1408 | John VII Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (1376-77, 1390, 1404-8), | | | 1774 | Pope Clement XIV - Lorenzo Ganganelli (1769-1774), 68 | | | 1914 | "Alain-Fournier" - Henri Alban-Fournier, 27, French novelist, kia in Lorraine | | | 1943 | Wilhelm Kube, 55, SS-Commissar of Belorus, blown up by a bomb in a hot water bottle in his bed | | | 1951 | Jacob Horner, last 7th Cavalry veteran of the Little Big Horn | | | 1989 | Irving Berlin, Doughboy, composer ("God Bless America"), at 101 | | | 1999 | George C. Scott, actor ("Patton"), at 71 | | 23 | 775 | Constantine V Copronymus, c. 57, Byzantine Emperor (720-75), | | | 1888 | François Achille Bazaine, 77, the first Legionnaire to become a Marshal, who lost it big time at Metz in 1870 | | | 1939 | Sigmund Freud, 83, sometime soldier | | | 1947 | Nikola Dimitrov Petkov, 54, Balkan Wars veteran, Bulgarian anti-fascist & peasant leader, hanged by the communists | | | 1973 | Pablo Neruda, 69, poetical Soviet apologist | | | 2004 | Nigel Nicholson, Guardsman, litterateur, b. 1917 | | 24 | 768 | King Pepin III "the Short” of France (751-768), at 53 | | | 867 | Byzantine Emperor Michael III (842 to 867), 27, assassinated | | | 911 | Louis the Child - King Louis III or IV of East Francia, (899-911), c. 18 - the Last German Carolingian | | | 1143 | Pope Innocent II - Gregorio Papereschi (1130-1143) | | | 1180 | Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Comnenus (1143-1180), at c. 62 | | | 1228 | Grand Prince Stephen II of Rascia (1196 - 1217), King Stephen I Nemanjich of Serbia (1217-1228) | | | 1230 | King Alfonso IX of Leon and Galicia (1188-1230), 59 | | | 1776 | Nathan Hale, 21, hanged by the British at 66th Street and Third Avenue | | | 1812 | Prince Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration, c. 48, Russian general, d/w from Borodino | | | 1834 | Emperor Pedro I of Brazil (1822-1831), King of Portugal (Mar 10–May 28, 1826, 35 | | 25 | 1066 | King Harold II Haardrada of Norway (c. 50), & Tostig Godwinson (c. 40), brother of Harold of England, traitor, kia, Stamford Bridge | | | 1396 | Admiral of France Jean de Vienne, c. 55, and hundreds of other crusaders, kia against the Turks | | | 1506 | King Philip I "the Handsome" of Spain (1504-06), 28 | | | 1534 | Pope Clement VII - Giulio de’Medici (1523-1534), 56 | | | 1639 | Ambrogio Spinola Doria, 1st Marquis of the Balbases, c. 60, condottiero, Imperial field marshal | | | 1642 | Federico I Colonna, Prince of Butera, Viceroy & Captain General of Catalonia, kia at 41, the siege of Tarragona | | | 1840 | Jacques-Etienne-Joseph-Alexandre Macdonald, Marshal of France, 74 | | | 1849 | Johann Baptist Strauss the Elder, composer ("The Radetzky March"), at 45 | | | 1900 | Elizabeth Van Lew, Union master spy, at 81. | | | 1970 | Erich Maria Remarque, 72, Frontsoldat, novelist ("All Quiet on the Western Front") | | | 1983 | King Leopold III of Belgium (1934-51), 81, collaborator | | | 1991 | Klaus Barbie, Gestapo chief of Lyon, of cancer at 77 | | | 2005 | Don Adams (Donald James Yarmy), Guadalcanal veteran, actor (“Get Smart”), at 82 | | 26 | 1371 | Serb Prince Ugljesa of Serres, kia at the Maritsa | | | 1820 | Daniel Boone, militiaman, frontiersman, at 85 | | | 1959 | Ceylon PM Sirimavo Bandaranaike (1956-1959), 60, mortally woudned by a Buddhist monk | | | 1989 | Pavlos Bakoyannis, 54, liberal Greek parliamentary leader, murdered in Rome | | | 2007 | Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema, the “Soldier of Orange,” at 90 | | 27 | 48 | Pompey the Great, murdered upon arriving in Egypt, one day short of his 58th birthday | | | 1590 | Pope Urban VII - Giambattista Castagna (15 Sep-27 Sep 1590), 69 | | | 1617 | Count Johan Ernest of Nassau-Siegen | | | 1651 | Duke & Elector Maximilian I Bavaria(1597–1651), at 78 | | | 1700 | Pope Innocent XII - Antonio Pignatelli (1691-1700). 85 | | | 1868 | Alexander Walewski, 58, Napoleon I's bastard, III's diplomat and minister | | | 1942 | Douglas Munro, 22, USCG, kia at Guadalcanal, earning the Medal of Honor | | | 1956 | Milburn Apt, 32, USAF st Pilot, crash after reaching 3370 kph in the X-2 | | | 1981 | Robert Montgomery, PT-boat skipper, actor, at 77 | | | 1996 | Pres Mohammad Najibullah of Afghanistan (1986-1992), hanged by the Taliban | | 28 | 1104 | King Pedro I of Navarra & Aragon (1094–1104), c. 36 | | | 1197 | Henry VI von Hohenstaufen, King of the Germans (1190-1197), Holy Roman Emperor (1191-1197), King of Italy (1191–1197) & King of Sicily (1194-1197), father of "Supor Mundi" | | | 1891 | Herman Melville, 72, sailor, war poet (“Cavalry Crossing a Ford”), author ("Typee”) – lover of Fayaway | | | 1902 | Émile François Zola, 62, author and Dreyfusard | | | 1907 | Grand Duke Frederich I of Baden (1856-1907), at 81 | | | 1953 | Edwin P Hubble, Doughboy, astronomer, at 63 | | | 1970 | Pres. Gamel Abdul Nasser of Egypt (1954-1970), heart attack at 52 | | | 1978 | Pope John Paul I - Albino Luciani (26 Aug-28 Sep 1978), at 65 | | | 1989 | Dictator/President Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines (1865-1986), in exile at 72 | | | 2006 | Iva Torguri d’Aquino – “Tokyo Rose”, at 90. | | 29 | 855 | Lothair I, King of Italy (818 – 855) & Holy Roman Emperor (840 – 855), c. 60 | | | 1298 | Count Guido I of Montefeltro (1255-66, 1282-83, 1293-96), Lord of Cesena, Forli, Senigallia, Jesi, & the Guelf Romagna (1282-93), Lord of Pisa (1289-93), monk (1296-1298), c. 75 | | | 1560 | King Gustavus I Eriksson of Sweden (1523–1560), 64 | | | 1833 | King Ferdinand VII of Spain (1808-1833), 48, touching off the Carlist Wars | | | 1936 | Prince Carlo Borbone delle Due Sicilie, kia at 28, Elgoibar, Spain | | | 1956 | Anastasio Somoza, Dictator/President of Nicaragua (1937- 1947, 1950-1956), assassinated | | 30 | 1877 | Toohoolhoolzote, prophet of the Nez Perce, kia | | | 1888 | Elizabeth Stride (44) and Catherine Eddowes (46), Jack the Ripper’s third and fourth victims |
Event
| 1 | 0 | Feast of St. Therese of Lisieux, Patron of Aviators | | | 891 | Battle of Louvain: East Franks defeat the Danish Vikings | | | 1054 | Battle of Atapuerca: King Ferdinand I “the Great” of Castile & León defeats his brother King García V of Navarre | | | 1181 | Ubaldo Allucingoli elected Pope as Lucius III (1181-1185) | | | 1271 | Teobaldo Visconti elected Pope as Gregory X (1271-1276), later beatified | | | 1285 | Naval Battle of Las Rosas: Catalans defeat the French | | | 1597 | Battle of Longpre: French defeat the Spanish | | | 1614 | Jews expelled from Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany | | | 1644 | Battle of Tippermuir: Montrose’s Roundheads defeat the Scots Covenanters. | | | 1651 | Battle of Dundee: Gen Monck defeats the Scots | | | 1661 | First formal yacht race: King Charles II vs. his brother James | | | 1701 | Battle of Chiari: Imperialists defeat the French | | | 1739 | 35 Jews sentenced to life in prison, Lisbon | | | 1774 | Boston: British seize Massachusetts Bay Colony's store of powder & cannon | | | 1807 | Former VP Aaron Burr found innocent of treason | | | 1814 | USS Wasp sinks HMS Avon | | | 1848 | Royal troops begin bombardment of Messina, Sicily (surrenders the 7th) | | | 1861 | Grant assumes command of Federal forces at Cape Girardeau, Mo | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Bennett's Mills, Mo | | | 1862 | Battle of Chantilly, Virginia | | | 1863 | Atlanta Campaign: Sherman wins the Battle of Jonesborough, causing the Confederates to evacuate & burn Atlanta | | | 1863 | Union fleet bombards Fort Sumter | | | 1863 | Union troops capture Fort Smith, Arkansas | | | 1866 | Manuelito surrenders at Fort Wingate, last resisting Navaho chief | | | 1870 | Napoleon III surrenders to the Prussians at Sedan | | | 1916 | Bulgaria declares war on Romania | | | 1918 | US troops land in Vladivostok, Siberia, stay until 1920 | | | 1923 | Great Kanto Plain Earthquake devastates Tokyo, over 100,000 die | | | 1928 | Zog I proclaims himself king of Albania (1928-1939) | | | 1938 | Mussolini cancels civil rights of Italian Jews | | | 1939 | George C. Marshall becomes Chief-of-Staff of the Army | | | 1939 | Hitler orders "Close your hearts to pity," invades Poland and initiates the extermination of the mentally ill | | | 1942 | "Tokyo Express" mission to Guadalcanal evades B-17s. | | | 1942 | Federal judge upholds detention of Japanese-Americans | | | 1942 | German troops land on the Taman Peninsula, USSR | | | 1943 | Espiritu Santo: Japanese sub I-182 is sunk by DD Wadsworth | | | 1943 | USN makes air and gunnery attacks on Marcus I | | | 1944 | King George VI promotes Bernard Law Montgomery to field marshal | | | 1948 | Communists form the North China People's Republic | | | 1950 | 13 North Korean divisions assault UN lines | | | 1951 | Israel's secret service, the Mossad, begins operations | | | 1951 | US, Australia, & New Zealand sign the ANZUS treaty | | | 1969 | Coup by Col Murramar Gadhafi deposes King Idris of Libya | | | 1983 | Soviets shoot down Korean Boeing 747 that strayed over Siberia | | | 5509 | The Creation, in the Byzantine Chronology | | 2 | 31 | Battle of Actium: Octavian defeats Antony & Cleopatra | | | 44 | Cicero delivers the first of 14 “Phillipics” against Marc Antony | | | 1057 | Coronation of Issac Comnenus as Byzantine Emperor (1057-1059) | | | 1414 | Republic of Gaeta and Count Giacomo II of Fondi conclude an armistice | | | 1628 | Battle of Wolgast: Wallenstein’s Imperialists defeat Christian of Denmark | | | 1649 | Pope Innocent X orders the city of Castro razed | | | 1666 | Great Fire of London, ends the Great Plague | | | 1732 | Pope Clement XII renews anti-Jewish laws in Rome | | | 1752 | Britain adopts the Gregorian calendar, having delayed for 170 years late, to screw up chronology | | | 1777 | Battle of Cooch's Bridge, NJ: First use of the "Stars and Stripes" in combat | | | 1792 | Paris mob butchers nobles and clergymen held in jails | | | 1798 | Karl Mack von Leiberich appointed commander of the Neapolitan Army | | | 1843 | Neapolitan naval squadron visits Rio de Janeiro | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Bethel's Mills, Va | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Dallas, Mo | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Dry Wood/Ft Scott, Mo | | | 1863 | Burnside's Union troops capture Knoxville | | | 1863 | The Alabama legislature suggests recruiting slaves for the Confederate Army | | | 1864 | Lee suggests recruiting blacks for Confederate service "every place in the Army” | | | 1864 | Union General William T Sherman captures Atlanta | | | 1898 | Battle of Omdurman: Lord Kitchener retakes the Sudan for Egypt & Britain | | | 1901 | VP Theodore Roosevelt cites the African proverb, "Speak softly and carry a big stick" | | | 1914 | As the Germans drive on Paris, the French government flees to Bordeaux -- "Aux wagons citoyens!" | | | 1943 | Truk: Japanese patrol vessel is torpedoed by U.S. sub Snapper | | | 1943 | US a/c bomb Lae, in northeastern New Guinea, sinking a patrol vessel | | | 1944 | Anne Frank is sent to Auschwitz | | | 1944 | Lt jg George H.W. Bush bails out near Chichi Jima; soon rescued by Finback | | | 1944 | Third Fleet raids the Bonins | | | 1944 | USSR & Finland conclude an armistice | | | 1945 | Douglas MacArthur says "These proceedings are closed," USS Missouri, Tokyo Bay. | | | 1945 | Ho Chi Minh declares Vietnam independent of France | | 3 | 36 | Naval Battle of Naulochus: Agrippa defeats Sextus Pompey | | | 590 | Consecration of Pope St Gregory I “the Great” (590-604) | | | 1189 | Richard I "Lionheart" is crowned King of England (1189-1199) | | | 1190 | Richard I "Lionheart" and his Crusaders reach Messina, Sicily. | | | 1260 | Battle of Ain Jaluit: Egyptian Mamluks defeat the Mongols in Palestine | | | 1390 | Geoffrey Chaucer is robbed of £20 of the King’s money while traveling in Kent. | | | 1459 | Battle of Bloreheath: The Earl of Salisbury defeats the Lancastrians. | | | 1529 | Suliman "The Magnificent” and his Turks capture Buda, Hungary. | | | 1632 | Battle of Nuremburg: Sweden's Gustavus Adolphus and the Empire's Wallentsein fight to a draw | | | 1650 | Battle of Dunbar: Cromwell defeats the Scots Royalists | | | 1651 | Battle of Worcester: Cromwell defeats Prince Charles (II) & the Royalists; final battle of the English Civil Wars | | | 1700 | Battle of the Narva: Swedes defeat Peter the Great | | | 1782 | Battle of Trincomalee: British fleet defeats the French off India | | | 1782 | The US gives its only ship-of-the-line, America, to France. | | | 1833 | Frederick Douglass steals Frederick Douglass | | | 1848 | Messina: Rebellious citizens defeat a Borbon attempt to retake the city | | | 1852 | Anti-Jewish riots break out in Stockholm | | | 1858 | The first Atlantic cable ceases to function, after only 12 days in service | | | 1861 | Confederates under Leonidas Polk invade Kentucky, insuring its adherence to the Union | | | 1864 | Battle of Berryville, Va | | | 1885 | First Naval War College class convenes | | | 1917 | German troops capture Riga, Latvia | | | 1917 | Imperial German Air Service conducts its first night bombing of London | | | 1918 | 5 black soldiers hanged for the Houston “mutiny” of 1917 | | | 1925 | USN airship Shenandoah crashes near Caldwell, Ohio, 13 die | | | 1939 | Britain and France declare war on Germany | | | 1939 | Morocco offers troops to French to fight in World War II | | | 1940 | US gives Britain 50 old destroyers in exchange for basing rights in the Empire | | | 1943 | Italy and the Allies secretly agree to a cease-fire | | | 1943 | Japanese sub I-20 sunk off Spiritu Santo by DD Patterson & Ellet | | | 1944 | Britain's Guards Armored Division liberates Brussels | | | 1944 | US Navy shells the Japanese on Wake Island. | | | 1945 | Japanese forces in the Philippines surrender to the US | | | 1954 | Red China begins artillery bombardment of Quemoy & Amoy | | | 1967 | Nguyen Van Thieu elected president of Vietnam (1967-75) | | 4 | 476 | Odoacer deposes Emperor Romulus Augustulus (475-476): End of the Western Empire | | | 569 | The Lombards capture Mediolanum [Milan] from the East Romans | | | 786 | Harun al-Rashid becomes Caliph of Baghdad (786-809) | | | 883 | Arab raiders sack the Monastery of Monte Cassino | | | 1187 | Saladin captures Ascalon from the Crusaders. | | | 1260 | Battle at Montaperti: Sienese Ghibellines rout the Florentine Guelfs | | | 1285 | Battle of Les Formigues: Ruggiero di Lauria’s Aragonese-Sicilian fleet defeats the French | | | 1479 | Peace of Alcacovas: Portugal cedes the Canaries to Castille in return for lands in Africa. | | | 1632 | Battle of Burgstall: Imperialists defeat the Swedes | | | 1650 | Battle of Dunbar: Oliver Cromwell defeats David Leslie | | | 1796 | Battle of Roveredo: The French defeat the Austrians | | | 1804 | USS Intrepid blows up during an unsuccessful attack on Tripoli | | | 1864 | Bread riot in Mobile, Alabama | | | 1870 | Uprising at Paris deposes Napoleon the Little & proclaim the Third Republic | | | 1886 | Geronimo surrenders to Gen Nelson A Miles at Skeleton Canyon, Ariz | | | 1916 | Seventh Battle of the Isonzo begins (to Sep 17) | | | 1918 | US troops land in Archangel, Russia, stay 10 months | | | 1936 | Largo Caballero becomes Prime Minister and Minister of War of the Spanish Republic | | | 1936 | Spanish Nationalist troops capture Irun and Talavera de la Reina | | | 1939 | Netherlands & Belgium declare neutrality in World War II | | | 1941 | U-652 unsuccessfully attacks USS Greer, which drops depth charges | | | 1942 | Lunga Point, Guadalcanal: Japanese DDs sink two U.S. destroyer transports | | | 1944 | 1st Marine Div sails from the Solomons for Palau. | | | 1944 | Brit 11th Armoured Div liberates Antwerp | | | 1944 | Finland breaks diplomatic relations with erstwhile ally Nazi Germany | | | 1945 | US reoccupies Wake Is | | | 1948 | Dutch Queen Wilhemina (1890-1948) abdicates in favor of daughter Juliana (1948-1980) | | | 1950 | First appearance of the comic strip "Beetle Bailey" | | | 1957 | Arkansas Gov Fabus orders the National Guard to keep blacks out of Central High School | | 5 | 641 | Battle of Maserfelth: King Penda of Mercia defeats King Oswald of Northumbria | | | 1689 | Pietro Ottoboni elected Pope as Alexander VIII (1689-1691) | | | 1750 | Paderborn, Germany, orders annual search of Jewish homes for stolen goods | | | 1757 | Battle of Rossbach: Frederick the Great defeats the French | | | 1774 | First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia | | | 1775 | Continental Navy issues uniform regulations for officers | | | 1781 | Battle of the Virginia Capes: de Grasse’s French fleet defeats the British, trapping Cornwallis at Yorktown | | | 1795 | US pays Algiers $1 million to ransom 100 sailors | | | 1806 | Fra Diavolo crushes a French column near Itri, Naples | | | 1813 | USS Enterprise captures HM brig Boxer off Portland, Me | | | 1836 | Sam Houston elected permanent president of Republic of Texas (1836-1838) | | | 1862 | Antietam Campaign: Lee crosses the Potomac into Maryland | | | 1876 | Powder River Campaign: Gen Crook defeats the Cheyenne & Sioux at Slim Buttes | | | 1905 | Teddy Roosevelt engineers the Treaty of Portsmouth, ending the Russo-Japanese War and winning a Nobel Peace Prize | | | 1914 | Britain, France, Belgium, and Russia formally ally against Germany | | | 1914 | First Battle of the Marne begins, as French taxis rush troops to the front, meters ticking all the way | | | 1915 | Anti-war conference in Zimmerwald, Switzerland | | | 1918 | Due to WW I, the World Series begins a month early | | | 1918 | USS Mount Vernon torpedoed by a German submarine off France | | | 1923 | US Asiatic Fleet arrives at Tokyo to assist after the Great Kanto Plain earthquake | | | 1933 | SGT Fulgencio Batista ousts Cuban dictator Carlos de Cespedes in a coup | | | 1939 | FDR creates Neutrality Patrol, to defend hemispheric waters | | | 1942 | British and American aircraft bomb Le Havre and Bremen | | | 1943 | US airborne troops land at Nadzab, New Guinea | | | 1944 | Chinese establish land link to India at the Kaolingkung Pass in Burma | | | 1961 | US resumes nuclear testing after a temporary ban | | | 1968 | Hijackers slay 21 on a Pan Am jet in Karachi, Pakistan | | | 1972 | Palestinian terrorists murder 11 Israelis at the Munich Olympics | | | 1975 | Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme tries to assassinate Pres Ford in Sacramento | | | 1978 | Sadat, Begin, & Carter begin a peace conference at Camp David | | | 1984 | Discovery completes 12th Space Shuttle mission | | | 2002 | Attempt to assassinate Pres. Karzai of Afghanistan, c. 30 die | | 6 | 1634 | Battle of Nordlingen: Spanish & Imperialists defeat the Swedes | | | 1643 | Castro War: Battle of Mongiovino – Tuscans force Papal troops to retreat. | | | 1715 | "The Fifteen" – Widespread Jacobite Rebellion begins in Scotland | | | 1808 | Gioacchino Murat lands at Gaeta to assume the throne of Naples | | | 1813 | Battle of Dennewitz: Prussians defeat the French | | | 1860 | Triumphal entry of Giuseppe Garibaldi into Naples | | | 1861 | Brig. Gen. U.S. Grant captures Paducah, Kentucky, without opposition | | | 1862 | Stonewall Jackson occupies Fredrick, Maryland | | | 1863 | Confederates evacuate Ft Wagner, SC, ending 59 day Union siege | | | 1886 | Queen Victoria establishes the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) | | | 1901 | Pres William McKinley, mortally wounded by Leon Czologosz in Buffalo (d. 14th) | | | 1918 | US Navy 14-inch railroad guns open fire on the Western Front | | | 1928 | USSR signs Briand-Kellogg Pact, agrees war is naughty | | | 1939 | First German air attack on Great Britain in WW II | | | 1939 | South Africa declares war on Germany | | | 1940 | Charles F. Hughes (DD-428) commissioned by Lt Cdr. G. L. Menocal; GM Eugene Paulson | | | 1940 | Former King Michael of Romania (1927-1930) succeeds his father, Carol II as king (1940-1947) | | | 1940 | Mussolini turns down Hitler's offer of a panzer unit to support his forces in North Africa | | | 1941 | Germany orders all Jews over 6 anywhere to wear a yellow Star of David | | | 1941 | Nazis establish a ghetto in Vilna | | | 1942 | Japanese occupy Efogi on the Kokoda Trail, 50 miles from Port Moresby | | | 1943 | CA Nachi survives torpedo from Halibut off Japan. | | | 1944 | Netherlands: German Fifteenth Army evacuates Zealand | | | 1944 | Western Carolines: 16 U.S. carriers strike Japanese held islands | | | 1976 | Soviet pilot Viktor Belenko defects to Japan with a MiG-25 | | | 1983 | USSR admits to shooting down KAL 007 on 9/2 | | | 1986 | Islamist terrorists kill 22 at the Neve Shalom Synagogue, Istanbul | | | 1988 | Crippled Soviet Soyuz TM-5 lands safely with 2 cosmonauts aboard | | | 1991 | Leningrad becomes St. Petersburg again | | 7 | 831 | Arabs capture Palermo from the Byzantines | | | 871 | Black Zanj Kharijite rebels capture and sack Basrah | | | 1101 | First Battle of Ramalah: Crusaders defeat the Fatimids | | | 1158 | Milan surrenders to Frederick Barbarossa | | | 1159 | Orlando Bandinelli elected Pope as Alexander III (1159-81) | | | 1191 | Battle of Arshouf: Richard Lionheart defeats Saladin | | | 1191 | Battle of the Strymon: the Byzantines defeat William II of Sicily | | | 1298 | Naval Battle of Curzola: Genoese defeat the Venetians, capture Marco Polo | | | 1303 | The Colonna capture Pope Boniface VIII, a Caetani, at Anagni | | | 1664 | Peter Stuyvesant surrenders the Nieuw Netherlands to the English fleet | | | 1706 | Battle of Turin: Prince Eugene defeats the French | | | 1714 | Treaty of Baden: French retain Alsace, Austria gets right bank of Rhine | | | 1776 | David Bushnell's sub Turtle tries to sink HMS Eagle in New York harbor | | | 1812 | Battle at Borodino: Napoleon gains a Phyrric victory over Kutusov | | | 1814 | USS Wasp captures HMS Avon | | | 1815 | Grand Review of 150,000 Russian troops outside Paris for Tasr Alexander I, Emperor Francis I of Austria, and King Frederick William III, on the anniversary of the Battle of Borodino. | | | 1822 | Pedro, son of King João VI of Portugal, declares himself emperor of an independent Brazil (1822-1831) | | | 1848 | Messina: The Borbons retake the city from rebels after two days’ fighting | | | 1860 | Triumphal entry into Naples of Garibaldi and the Army of the South | | | 1862 | Stonewall Jackson writes a pass so he can attend divine services | | | 1870 | HMS Captain capsizes off Cape Finisterre, c. 500 die, 18 survive | | | 1927 | Mao Tse-dung writes, “Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.” | | | 1940 | Luftwaffe begins 57 consecutive nights of raids on London | | | 1942 | Battle of Alam Halfa: Defeat of Rommel's attempt to reach the Nile | | | 1943 | Heavy fighting around Lae | | | 1943 | Heavy fighting on Vella Lavella | | | 1947 | Hindus & Muslims battle in New Delhi | | | 1950 | Communists close all monasteries in Hungary | | | 1956 | Bell X-2 sets unofficial manned aircraft altitude record 126,000' | | | 1986 | Unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Pres Augusto Pinochet of Chile | | 8 | 0 | Memorial of St Adrian of Nicomedia, Patron of Arms Dealers | | | 1141 | Battle of Samarkand | | | 1276 | Election of Pope John XXI (Sep 8, 1276-May 20, 1277) | | | 1380 | Battle of Kulikovo Pole: Dmitri Donskoi’s Russians defeat the Tatars | | | 1495 | Ferrantino II lays siege to French-held Gaeta (falls Nov 18) | | | 1565 | Italo-Spanish fleet begins landing troops on Malta to break the Turkish siege | | | 1625 | Treaty of Southhampton: England and the Netherlands ally against Spain | | | 1628 | Dutch sea dog Piet Heyn captures a Spanish treasure fleet, Matanzas, Cuba | | | 1755 | Battle of Lake George: Sir William Johnson's 1,500 Colonials and 200 Mohawks defeat 1,500 French and Indians under the Baron de Dieskau | | | 1760 | French surrender Montreal to Lord Jeffrey Amherst | | | 1796 | Battle of Bassano del Grappa: Massena defeats the Austrians under Wurmser | | | 1848 | Uprising at Bologna: The citizens oust the Austrians | | | 1855 | Crimean War: Allied assault on the Malakof Bastion | | | 1863 | Battle of Telford's Depot, TN | | | 1863 | Texans repel Union invasion force at Sabine Pass, TX | | | 1919 | Ticker tape parade on Broadway for General of the Armies John J. Pershing & 25,000 Doughboys | | | 1923 | Seven USN destroyers ground at Point Honda, Ca., by a navigational error, 23 die | | | 1939 | FDR declares a "limited national emergency" due to war in Europe | | | 1939 | German panzers reach the outskirts of Warsaw | | | 1941 | Nazis massacre the Jews of Meretsch, Lithuania | | | 1942 | 700 Marine Raiders hit Tasimboko, Guadalcanal, in the Japanese rear | | | 1942 | Japanese destroyer squadron shells Tulagi | | | 1942 | Japanese open 5 battalion attack on Aussies at Egofi, the Kokoda Trail | | | 1943 | Italy secretly concludes an armistice with the Allies | | | 1943 | U.S DD bombard Lae to support Australian 9th Div | | | 1943 | US aircraft bomb targets near Rome, supported by Italian fighters | | | 1944 | First V-2 attacks on London; 3 die in Cheswick | | | 1944 | Russian troops enter Bulgaria, which promptly declares war on Germany | | | 1945 | US troops land in Korea to assume occupation duties | | | 1948 | British De Havilland 08 fighter flies faster than sound | | | 1951 | Japan signs peace treaty with 48 countries at San Francisco | | | 1954 | Manila: Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) formed | | | 1962 | Chinese troops invade India | | | 1966 | “Star Trek” debuts on NBC | | | 1991 | Macedonia declares independence from Yugoslavia | | 9 | 9 | Battle of the Teutoburg Forest -- “Quintilius Varus, Quintilius Varus, give me my three legions back.” | | | 337 | Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans I become co-Emperors in succession to their father Constantine the Great (d. May), after having eliminated several potential rivals. | | | 490 | Battle of Marathon: Athenians & Plataeans defeat the Persians | | | 1303 | Caetani troops liberate Pope Boniface VIII from the Colonna at Anagni | | | 1502 | The Pact of Mugione: Cesare Borgia’s enemies conclude an alliance | | | 1505 | A Florentine attempt to storm besieged Pisa fails, possibly due to bribes to the republic’s mercenary captains, Antonio Giacomini & Ercole Bentivogli | | | 1513 | Battle of Flodden Field: English defeat James IV of Scotland | | | 1567 | Invited by the Duke of Alba to a banquet in Brussels, the Dutch rebel Counts of Egmont and of Hoorn find themselves under arrest [See June 5] | | | 1609 | Henry Hudson sails up his river | | | 1739 | Slave revolt in Stono, SC: c. 25 whites, 50 blacks die | | | 1776 | "The United Colonies" adopt the name "The United States of America" | | | 1825 | Lafayette sails for France after a year-long visit to America | | | 1863 | Battle of Cumberland Gap, TN | | | 1867 | Luxembourg declared independent of the North German Confederation | | | 1870 | French franc-tireurs blow up the arsenal at Laon, killing 40 Prussian soldiers, and wounding many others. | | | 1903 | N.Y. Nat'l Guard wins the first National Rifle Matches; Sea Girt, N.J. | | | 1922 | Turkish troops capture Smyrna from the Greeks | | | 1939 | German 15th Mtzd Inf massacres 300 Polish P/Ws near Ciepielow | | | 1940 | Congress passes the "Two Ocean Navy" Bill: 12 CVs, 7 BBs, c. 190 other ships authorized. | | | 1942 | Aussie 25th Bde rushes up the Kokoda Trail to support Egofi | | | 1942 | Sub-based pilot Nobuo Fujita firebombs Mt. Emily, Ore. | | | 1943 | Operation Avalanche: Anglo-American forces land at Salerno, Italy | | | 1943 | The Japanese seize the Italian subs Capellini, Giuliani, & Torelli at Sebang, Sumatra, but the sloop Eritrea escapes, to make for Ceylon | | | 1944 | Allied troops liberate Luxembourg from the Germans | | | 1944 | TF 38 carriers begin a 2-day raid on Japanese bases on Mindanao. | | | 1948 | People's Democratic Republic of [North] Korea proclaimed | | | 1990 | GHW Bush and Gorbachev meet in Helsinki & urge Iraq to leave Kuwait | | | 1999 | Chechen terrorists bomb an apartment house in Moscow, c. 93 die | | | 2003 | 24 tons of steel from the World Trade Center are melted & poured at a steel mill in Louisiana to form the bow section of the new USS New York (LPD-21) | | 10 | 422 | Election of Pope St. Celestine I (422-432) | | | 1349 | Jews who survived a massacre in Constance, Germany, are burned to death | | | 1435 | Battle of Piper Dene: The Earl of Angus beats the Earl of Northumberland & Sir Robert Ogle | | | 1776 | Nathan Hale volunteers for secret service against the British | | | 1813 | Battle of Lake Erie: Commo Oliver Hazard Perry mets the enemy and they are his | | | 1823 | Simon Bolivar is named President of Peru | | | 1861 | Combat at Carnifex Ferry, Va | | | 1862 | The men of the 1st Penna Cav appoint the US Army’s first Jewish chaplain, Rabbi Jacob Frankel | | | 1914 | Battle of the Marne: The Germans begin falling back, ending the six-day fight. | | | 1939 | Canada declares war on Germany | | | 1940 | Buckingham Palace hit by a German bomb | | | 1942 | British conduct landings on Vichy-French controlled Madagascar | | | 1943 | British Eighth Army occupies Taranto, Italy | | | 1943 | Germans occupy Rome & other Italian cities, against sometimes fierce resistance | | | 1944 | Elms TF 38 raid the Palau Islands. | | | 1944 | Sir Frederick Browning says "I think we might be going a bridge too far" | | | 1945 | Norwegians sentence Nazi-collaborator Vidkun Quisling to death | | | 1976 | Five Croatian terrorists capture TWA plane at La Guardia Airport, NY | | | 1992 | Nathan E. Cook, last veteran of the Spanish-American War, at 106 | | | 2004 | Keel laid for USS New York (LPD-21) at Avondale, La | | 11 | 1297 | Battle of Stirling Bridge: The Scots defeat the English | | | 1565 | The Turks abandon the siege of Malta in th face of the Italo-Spanish landings | | | 1649 | Massacre of Drogheda: Cromwell kills 3,000 royalists | | | 1697 | Battle of Zenta: Eugene of Savory crushes the Turks | | | 1709 | Marlborough defeats the French at the Battle of Malplaquet | | | 1773 | Benjamin Franklin writes "There never was a good war or a bad peace" | | | 1777 | Battle of Brandywine: Americans lose to British | | | 1812 | USS Constitution captures and destroys brig Lady Warren | | | 1814 | Battle of Plattsburgh/Lake Champlain: Americans defeat the British by land & lake – the decisive battle of the War of 1812 | | | 1851 | Armed black citizens help defend fugitive slaves from their owner, who is killed, near Christiana, Penna | | | 1857 | Mountain Meadows Massacre: 120 colonists killed by Mormon extremists | | | 1860 | Sardinian Army invades the Papal States | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Lewisville, Va | | | 1918 | Col. George S. Patton leads the first US tank attack, St. Mihiel, France | | | 1919 | Gabriele d'Annunzio's "Legion" captures Fiume | | | 1921 | First test of carrier arresting gear, at Hampton Roads. | | | 1926 | Anarchist Gino Lucetti throws a bomb at Mussolini's car in the Porta Pia square in Rome, which fizzles; he gets 30 years. | | | 1926 | Gino Lucetti attempts to assassinate Mussolini in Rome | | | 1939 | "Former Naval Person" FDR writes an informal letter to First Lord of the Admiralty Winston S. Churchill, initiating the most important friendship of the twentieth century | | | 1940 | Hitler orders Operation Sealion, the invasion of Britain | | | 1941 | Charles A. Lindbergh charges that "the British, the Jews, and the Roosevelt administration" are trying to force the US into World War II | | | 1941 | FDR orders the Navy to "shoot on sight" Axis warships in American waters | | | 1942 | Australian forces fall back from Egofi, on the Kokoda Trail | | | 1943 | Allied forces secure Salerno | | | 1943 | Jewish ghettos of Minsk & Lida, Belorussia, liquidated | | | 1943 | Makassar: Japanese minesweeper W-16 sinks trying to clear mines. | | | 1944 | FDR & Churchill convene the Second Quebec Conference | | | 1944 | Sub sinks two Japanese prison ships in China Sea, hundred of Allied troops die. | | | 1944 | US 5th Armored Division enters Nazi Germany | | | 2001 | Islamist terrorists crash two hijacked jetliners into the World Trade Center and one into the Pentagon, but heroic passengers die retaking a fourth aircraft | | 12 | 1213 | Battle of Muret: Crusaders defeat the Albigensians | | | 1396 | Crusaders under the Count of Nevers reach Nicopolis | | | 1609 | Henry Hudson lands on a hilly island “as pleasant with grasse and flowers, and goodly trees, as ever they had seene, and very sweet smells came from them” -- Manhattan | | | 1683 | Poland's John Sobieski lifts the Turkish siege of Vienna | | | 1733 | War of the Polish Succession: Former King Stanislas Leszczynski of Poland (1706-1709), the father-in-law of Louis XV, is again elected king (1733-1736) | | | 1740 | Voltaire and Frederick the Great meet | | | 1776 | Nathan Hale leaves Wasington’s Harlem Heights camp (at 127th St) on a spy mission | | | 1814 | Battle of North Point: Regulars & Militiamen prevent the British from capturing Baltimore | | | 1861 | Confederates invest Lexington, Mo (Falls 20th) | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Black River, Mo | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Cheat Mtn, WVa | | | 1862 | Battle of Harpers Ferry VA | | | 1901 | Arabs attack Jewish settlement of Gedara, Palestine | | | 1917 | Battle of the Bainsizza (11th Isonzo) ends (from Aug 19) | | | 1938 | Hitler demands self-determination for Sudeten Germans of Czechoslovakia | | | 1940 | Italian troops under Rudolfo Graziani invade Egypt | | | 1941 | Coast Guardsmen capture the German trawler Busko in Greenland | | | 1942 | Guadalcanal, Battle of Bloody Ridge: Marines repulse the Kawaguchi Detachment | | | 1943 | New Guinea: Australian and U.S. troops capture Salamaua | | | 1943 | Otto Skorzeny’s commandos liberate Benito Mussolini from the Gran Sasso | | | 1974 | Coup overthrows Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie | | | 1983 | USSR vetoes UN resolution deploring its downing of KAL Flight 007 | | | 1990 | US, Britain, France, & the USSR agree to reunification of Germany | | | 1995 | Belarussian armed forces shoot down a balloon in an international race, 2 Americans die | | 13 | 0 | Feast of St. Venerius, Patron of Lighthouse Keepers | | | 45 | Caesar writes his will, adopting Octavius | | | 81 | Domitian succeeds his brother Titus as Roman Emperor (81-96) | | | 122 | Construction begins on Hadrian's Wall | | | 509 | Dedication of the Temple of Jupiter, Juno, & Minerva, on the Capitoline | | | 533 | Belisarius crushes the Vandals at Ad Decimum, North Africa | | | 604 | Consecration of Pope Sabinianus (604-606) | | | 1276 | Pedro Julião (Petrus Juliani) elected Pope as John XXI [XX] (Sept 13, 1276-May 20, 1277) | | | 1515 | Battle of Marignano: Franco-Venetian victory over the Swiss | | | 1625 | Jerusalem: Moslem authorities arrest Isiah Horowitz & 15 other rabbis | | | 1759 | Wolfe defeats Montcalm on the Plains of Abraham; Canada becomes British | | | 1814 | British commence an overnight bombardment of Fort McHenry, inspiring "The Star Spangled Banner" | | | 1847 | US soldiers & marines storm Chapultepec Castle, Mexico City | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Booneville, Mo | | | 1880 | War of the Pacific: Chilean ships begin a two-day bombardment of Peruvian ports, during which, the Chilean Covadonga is sunk by a Peruvian explosive boat; 20 die, 43 captured | | | 1882 | Britain invades Egypt to crush the Arabi Pasha "Revolution" | | | 1940 | The Mitsubishi "Zero" debuts over Chungking; Japan 26, China 0. | | | 1942 | German forces attack Stalingrad | | | 1942 | Guadalcanal: Bloody Ridge - Marines probe the Japanese positions. | | | 1943 | Chiang Kai-shek becomes president of China | | | 1943 | German counter attack at Salerno | | | 1944 | Palau Is: USN pounds Peleliu | | | 1961 | Battles between UN & Katangan troops in Congo | | | 1971 | New York National Guardsmen storm Attica Correctional Facility, to end 4-day uprising; 32 prisoners, 9 guards die | | | 1978 | Maiden flight of the McDonnell Douglas F-18A Hornet | | | 1990 | Iraqi troops storm residence of French ambassador in Kuwait | | | 1999 | Islamist terror bombing in Moscow, c. 120 killed | | 14 | 786 | Harun al-Rashid becomes Calif of Baghdad (786-809) | | | 1115 | Battle of Tel-Danith: Principlaity of Antioch defeats the Seljuks | | | 1141 | Battle of Winchester: The Empress Matilda defeats Queen Matilda | | | 1146 | Nur-ed-Din succeeds his father Zangi as Atabeg of Aleppo and Mosul | | | 1307 | Battle of Paisley Forest: The English defeat the Scots | | | 1346 | Battle of Itri: Count Nicola Caetani of Fondi ambushes the Neapolitans | | | 1402 | Battle of Homildon Hill: Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, defeats Archibald Douglas | | | 1423 | Venetians capture Thessaloniki | | | 1437 | The Magyars, Székely, & Saxons form a united Transylvania (ignoring the Romanians) | | | 1522 | Treaty of Moscow: ends Polish/Lithuanian war with Russia | | | 1655 | Indian amphibious assault on Nieuw Amsterdam, scores die | | | 1812 | Napoleon occupies Moscow | | | 1824 | Following a referendum, Chiapas requests incorproation into Mexico | | | 1829 | Peace of Adrianople: Russo-Turkish War ends | | | 1847 | American troops under Winfield Scott capture Mexico City | | | 1856 | Battle of San Jacinto: Nicaragua defeats American filibusters | | | 1861 | Naval skirmish off Pensacola, Fl | | | 1862 | Antietam Campaign: Battle of South Mountain | | | 1862 | Antietam Campaign: Skirmish at Boonesboro/Crampton's Gap/Fox's Gap, Md. | | | 1862 | Battle of Munfordsville, Ky | | | 1869 | Explosion at the Aresenale of Venice, scores die | | | 1901 | Theo. Roosevelt is sworn in as President, the youngest ever at 42 | | | 1917 | Provisional republican government established in Russia | | | 1923 | Miguel Primo de River becomes dictator of Spain (1923-1930) | | | 1930 | Nazis gain 107 seats in German elections | | | 1932 | Arturo Alessandri stages a coup in Chile | | | 1938 | Maiden flight of Graf Zeppelin II, world's largest airship | | | 1938 | Navy N2C-2 radio drone makes a simulated dive-bombing attack on target ship Utah | | | 1940 | FDR signs the first U.S. peacetime draft bill. | | | 1940 | German bomb hits a shelter in Chelsea; 100s die | | | 1942 | First US air raid on Kiska, from Adak | | | 1942 | Guadalcanal, Bloody Ridge: Japanese retire | | | 1942 | New Guinea: Aussies fall back on the Kokoda Trail, to the Imita Ridge. | | | 1943 | New Guinea: Heavy fighting around Lae. | | | 1945 | Ticker tape parade on Broadway for General Jonathan Wainwright. | | | 1957 | UN resolution deplores and condemns Soviet invasion of Hungary | | | 1960 | Coup by Col Joseph Desire Mobutu in the Congo, puts him in control until 1997 | | | 1960 | OPEC is formed: Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Saudi-Arabia, & Venezuela unite to control oil prices | | | 1966 | Vietnam: Operation Attleboro begins against VC sanctuaries on the Cambodian Border | | | 1973 | Israel shoots down 13 Syrian MIG-21s | | 15 | 1054 | Battle of Atapuerca: Leon-Castile defeats Navarre | | | 1448 | Battle of Caravaggio: Muzio Attendolo Sforza defeats the Venetians | | | 1590 | Giambattista Castagna elected Pope as Urban VII (15 Sep-27 Sep 1590) | | | 1596 | The Earl of Essex sacks Cadiz | | | 1631 | Tilly takes Leipzig | | | 1644 | Giambattista Pamfili elected Pope as Innocent X (1644-1655) | | | 1694 | Venetians capture Chios from the Turks | | | 1776 | British troops land at Kip's Bay, New York (East River & 34th St) | | | 1784 | Vincente Lunardi, a young Neapolitan, makes the first manned balloon ascent in England, from the Artillery Ground at Moorfields | | | 1821 | Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, & El Salvador are declared independent of Mexico | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Pritchard's Mills, Va | | | 1862 | Antietam Campaign: Stonewall Jackson captures Harpers Ferry | | | 1862 | Antietam Campaign: US troops find Lee's GO No. 191, wrapping some cigars | | | 1873 | German occupation troops leave France, following the Franco-Prussian War | | | 1894 | Battle of Ping Yang: Japan defeats China | | | 1914 | Battle of the Aisne begins between Germans & French | | | 1914 | US forces evacuate Vera Cruz, Mexico | | | 1916 | Battle of the Somme: British send tanks into action for the first time | | | 1923 | Gov. John Walton places Oklahoma under martial law to cope with KKK terrorism | | | 1926 | Mussolini survives an assassination attempt, but is wounded in the nose | | | 1931 | British naval mutinies at Invergordon over pay cuts | | | 1935 | Nuremberg Laws deprive German Jews of citizenship | | | 1938 | Br PM Neville Chamberlain visits Hitler at Berchtesgarden | | | 1940 | Battle of Britain: The Luftwaffe loses 185 aircraft | | | 1940 | Hitler’s second “D-Day” for Operation Sea Lion | | | 1941 | Nazis kill 800 Jewish women at Shkudvil, Lithuania | | | 1942 | Unarmed windjammer Edlu II forces a u-boat to submerge off Montauk Point | | | 1942 | US carrier Wasp (CV-7) torpedoed and sunk off Guadalcanal | | | 1943 | Concentration Camp Chew opens in Lithuania | | | 1943 | Concentration Camp Vaivara opens in Estonia | | | 1943 | Japanese sub Ro-101 is sunk by US DD Saufley & two aircraft. | | | 1944 | Marines land on Peleliu, 450 miles east of Mindanao in the Philippines | | | 1944 | RAF hits the German BB Tirpitz with Tallboy bombs | | | 1944 | Sofia liberated by Bulgarian and Soviet troops | | | 1948 | F-86 Sabre sets world aircraft speech record of 1080 kph | | | 1950 | Inchon Landing: Marines lead the attack behind North Korean lines. | | | 1959 | Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev begins 13 day tour of the US | | | 1963 | White supremacists bomb a Birmingham Baptist church, 4 children die | | | 1990 | France announces it will send 4,000 troops to Persian Gulf | | 16 | 1189 | Siege of Acre: Crusaders defeat an Ayyubid assault | | | 1503 | League of Perugia: Lords of the Romagna ally against Cesare Borgia | | | 1512 | The Medici return to power in Florence after 18 years in exile | | | 1714 | Elisabeth Farnese marries Philip V of Spain, and becomes the mother of three dynasties (Spain, Parma, Naples) | | | 1776 | Battle of Harlem Heights: Washington ambushes the Brits north of 125th St. | | | 1795 | British capture Capetown from the Dutch | | | 1810 | Grito de Delores: Fr. Hidalgo proclaims Mexican independence | | | 1812 | Great Fire of Moscow frustrates Napoleon's attempt to hold the city | | | 1831 | Auber's "Fra Diavolo" has its American premiere, Philadelphia | | | 1854 | Cdr David G. Farragut opens 1st Navy Yard on the Pacific, at Mare I. | | | 1861 | Battle of Princeton, WVa | | | 1864 | Battle of Coggin's Point, Va | | | 1864 | Nathan Bedford Forrest begins a raid from Verona, Ms, into Alabama & Tennessee | | | 1917 | Navy Department authorizes 16 naval air stations to be built abroad | | | 1919 | American Legion incorporated by an act of Congress | | | 1922 | A “wagon bomb” detonates in front of the New York Stock Exchange, c. 40 die, c. 300 injured – case never solved | | | 1922 | Last Greek troops evacuate Asia Minor as Turks advance | | | 1940 | Dutch SS is formed | | | 1941 | Nazis confine the Jews of Vilna to Ghetto | | | 1941 | Shah Riza of Iran abdicates in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza (1941-1979) | | | 1942 | 3rd Marine Div is activated at San Diego. | | | 1942 | New Guinea: High Tide of the Japanese advance – the Aussies hold Imita Ridge, safeguarding Port Moresby | | | 1943 | Australian troops capture Lae, in northeastern New Guinea. | | | 1943 | US Fifth and British Eighth Armies unite in Italy | | | 1944 | 548th Night Fighter Squadron arrives in the Marianas | | | 1950 | Eighth Army breaks out of the Pusan Perimeter, in support of the Inchon Landing. | | | 1950 | Viet Minh begin offensive against French bases in Vietnam | | | 1955 | Coup ousts Juan Peron as President of Argentina | | | 1957 | Premier Songgram deposed by a coup in Thailand | | | 1958 | Sub Grayback fires first Regulus II cruise missile, carrying mail | | | 1974 | Pres Ford announces conditional amnesty for Vietnam War deserters | | | 1999 | Chechen terrorists bomb an apartment house in Volgodnosk, Russia, 17 die | | 17 | 70 | Titus captures Jerusalem amid great slaughter [See births] | | | 530 | Election of Pope Boniface II (530-532) | | | 1176 | Battle of Miriocefalo: The Seljuks defeat the Byzantines | | | 1394 | Jews are expelled from France by King Charles VI | | | 1462 | Battle of Puck/Swiecin/Zarnowiec: Casimir IV of Poland defeats the Teutonic Knights | | | 1631 | Battle of Breitenfeld: King Gustavus Adolphus defeats General Tilly | | | 1745 | Edinburgh occupied by Jacobites under the Young Pretender | | | 1776 | The Spanish begin building the Presidio of San Francisco | | | 1787 | The Constitutional Convention completes its work | | | 1810 | King Joachim Murat of Naples attempts a nocturnal amphibious assault on Sicily near Messina, which is beaten off | | | 1833 | A Zulu impi sacks and burns the Portuguese fort at Lourenço Marques, Mozambique | | | 1859 | San Francisco: Norton I proclaims himself Emperor of America and Protector of Mexico (1859-1880) | | | 1861 | Combat at Blue Mills, Mo | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Morristown, Mo | | | 1862 | Battle of Antietam: Bloodiest day of Civil War, over 3,000 die | | | 1862 | Battle of Cumberland Gap, Tn | | | 1862 | Battle of Mumfordville, Ky: US Col John Wilder surrenders | | | 1895 | Second Class Battleship Maine commissioned, blows up, 1898 | | | 1900 | Battle of Mabitac: Filipinos defeat the Americans | | | 1916 | Seventh Battle of the Isonzo ends (from Sep 4) | | | 1939 | German U-boat sinks British aircraft carrier Courageous | | | 1939 | Soviet Union invades Poland | | | 1943 | Ammunition explosion at the Norfolk Naval Air Station | | | 1943 | B-24s bomb Tarawa, Gilbert I, from Canton and Funafuti. | | | 1944 | Dutch begin railroad strike against German occupiers | | | 1944 | Elms 81st Div land on Anguar, near Peleliu. | | | 1944 | Operation Market Garden begins: Allied Airborne invasion of the Netherlands | | | 1944 | USAAF abandons airbase at Kweilin, China, as the Japanese close in. | | | 1947 | James Forrestal sworn in as first Secretary of Defense | | | 1949 | North Atlantic Council meets for the first time | | | 1965 | Premiere of "Hogan's Heroes", on CBS-TV | | | 1972 | Premiere of "M*A*S*H", on CBS-TV | | | 1978 | Begin, Sadat, & Carter sign Camp David Accords | | | 1997 | Dedication of a monument commemorating the horses and mules who died in military service during the Civil War, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond | | 18 | 0 | First Day of the Mysteries at Athens & Eleusis | | | 0 | Feast of St Joseph of Cupertino, Patron of Aviators and Astronauts | | | 96 | Marcus Cocceius Nerva is proclaimed Roman Emperor (96-98) | | | 327 | Battle of Chrysopolis: Constantine the Great defeats Licinius, to become sole emperor | | | 1454 | Battle of Konitz: The Teutonic Knights defeat the Poles | | | 1494 | Prospero Colonna captures Ostia for the French from his former overlord, the Pope | | | 1497 | Two day Battle of Exeter ends: the Earl of Devonshire defeats Perkin Warbeck | | | 1544 | Peace of Crepy: yet another temporary halt in the Franco-Spanish Italian Wars (1494-1559) | | | 1631 | Battle of Breitenfeld: Swedes & Saxons defeat the Imperialists | | | 1649 | Battle of Bologna: Papal forces defeat the Parmeggiani | | | 1738 | Peace of Vienna: Ends the War of the Polish Succession (1733-1738) | | | 1739 | Treaty of Belgrade: Austria cedes Belgrade to Turks | | | 1755 | French complete Ft Carillon (Ticonderoga), NY | | | 1778 | First US treaty with an Indian nation, the Delaware | | | 1806 | Fra Diavolo defeated by the French near Itri, Naples | | | 1851 | The New York Times begins publication | | | 1858 | Andorra officially ends the state of war which it had declared against Germany in 1914 | | | 1860 | Battle of Castelfidardo: Italo-Piedmontese defeat the Papal Army | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Barboursville, WVa | | | 1864 | Battle of Martinsburg WVa | | | 1864 | Confderate troops under Richard M. Gano and Stand Watie massacre black hay cutters near Wagoner, Oklahoma | | | 1873 | The Panic of 1878 begins, as major banks fail when the Railroad Bubble bursts, initiating the first "Great Depression" (1873-1879) | | | 1914 | Battle of the Aisne: the Germans hold the French, trench warfare begins | | | 1914 | South African troops land in German South West Africa | | | 1918 | Battle of Megiddo begins. | | | 1931 | Japan occupies Manchuria | | | 1934 | USSR admitted to League of Nations | | | 1939 | Joint German-Soviet "Victory Parade" over Poland in Brest-Litovsk | | | 1940 | Italian troops capture Sidi Barrani | | | 1942 | British troops land at Tamatave, Madagascar. | | | 1943 | B-24s bomb Tarawa, in the Gilbert Islands. | | | 1965 | "The Wackiest Ship in the Army" premiers on NBC, runs for one season | | | 1969 | Trimaran yacht Mianna goes down at 16° 48' N, 28° 21' W | | | 1982 | Christian militia kills 600 Palestinians in Lebanon, the Jews are blamed | | | 1988 | Coup in Haiti | | 19 | 1319 | Battle of Myton - “The White Battle": Sir James Douglas beats Archbishop Melton | | | 1356 | Battle of Poitiers: English defeat the French | | | 1676 | Rebels under Nathaniel Bacon burn Jamestown, Va | | | 1734 | War of the Polish Succession: Battle of Guastella - Franco-Piedmontese-Spanish forces defeat the Austrians, to capture Milan. | | | 1777 | Battle of Freeman's Farm (1st Battle of Saratoga) | | | 1796 | Battle of Altenkirchen: Desperate French rearguard action against the Austrians | | | 1860 | Battle of Caiazzo: The Garibaldini defeat the Borbons | | | 1862 | Battle of Iuka, Miss | | | 1863 | Battle of Chickamauga begins | | | 1864 | 3rd Battle of Winchester (Opequon), Va | | | 1870 | Franco-Prussian War: Germans invest Paris | | | 1890 | Turkish frigate Ertogrul burns off Japan, 540 die | | | 1939 | British Expeditionary Force reaches France | | | 1939 | German Army murders 100 Jews in Lukov, Poland | | | 1940 | Nazi decree forbids gentile woman from working in Jewish homes | | | 1943 | U.S carrier aircraft and B-24s raid Tarawa. | | | 1945 | London: Lord Haw Haw (William Joyce) sentenced to death | | | 1957 | First underground nuclear explosion, Nevada | | | 1959 | Nikita Khrushchev is denied access to Disneyland | | | 1973 | Carl XVI Gustaf succeeds to the throne of Sweden | | | 1988 | Israel launches 1st satellite, for secret military reconnaissance | | 20 | 451 | Battle of Chalons-sur-Marne: Aetius’ Romans & Theoderic’s Visigoths defeat Attila’s Huns | | | 480 | Battle of Salamis [Alt] | | | 622 | Mohammad's Hegira [Alt] | | | 1066 | Battle of Fulford: Harald Haardrada of Norway defeats Earls Morcar & Edwin | | | 1152 | The Parmesans destroy Borgo San Donnino (Fidenza) | | | 1183 | French massacre 7,000 Brabantois mercenaries at Chateaudun | | | 1187 | Saladin besieges Jerusalem | | | 1378 | Cardinal Robert of Geneva becomes Anti-Pope as Clement VII, d. 1394 | | | 1565 | Spaniards capture Fort Caroline, Fla, & massacre the French settlers | | | 1643 | Battle of Newbury: Parliamentarians defeat Royalists | | | 1697 | Peace of Ryswick/Saki: ends the War of the League of Augsburg/Nine Year's War/War of the English Succession/King William’s War (1688-1697) | | | 1700 | Start of the Prince of Macchia’s anti-Spanish coup at Naples (fails Sep 23) | | | 1703 | First Battle of Hochstadt: French & Bavarians defeat the Imperialists | | | 1792 | The Battle of Valmy: French artillery throws back a Prussian invasion. | | | 1797 | US frigate Constitution - "Old Ironsides" - launched in Boston | | | 1822 | José de San Martin resigns the leadership of the Revolutionary movement in Peru and goes into volutnary exile | | | 1850 | The slave trade is abolished in the District of Columbia | | | 1854 | Battle of the Alma: British & French defeat the Russians | | | 1857 | British retake Delhi from the Sepoy mutineers | | | 1860 | The Prince of Wales visits New York, causing the Fighting 69th to "mutiny" | | | 1861 | Confederates capture Lexington, Mo (invested on the 12th) | | | 1862 | Otto von Bismarck says Germany needs "Blood and Iron” | | | 1863 | Battle of Chickamauga ends in Confederate victory | | | 1863 | Battle of Shepardstown, Va. | | | 1870 | Italian troops capture Rome from Pope Pius IX | | | 1881 | Former New York QM General Chester Arthur sworn in as president | | | 1912 | Montenegro invades Turkey, igniting the First Balkan War | | | 1941 | Italian UDT teams sink three ships in Gibraltar harbor | | | 1950 | Omar Bradley is promoted to General of the Army | | | 1955 | "Navy Log" premiers on CBS, later moves to ABC, runs for three seasons | | | 1955 | "You'll Never Get Rich" premieres on CBS (“Sgt Bilko”) | | | 1979 | Emperor Bokassa I of the Central African Empire ( Dec 4, 1976 - Sep 20, 1979) | | | 1984 | Hezbollah suicide bombing of the U.S. Embassy in Beirut, 25 die | | 21 | 1096 | Xerigordon [Nicaea] invested by the Seljuks (falls 29th) | | | 1348 | Jews in Zurich are accused of poisoning wells | | | 1435 | Peace of Arras: th Burgundians accept Charles VII as King of France | | | 1451 | Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa orders Jews of Holland to wear a distinctive badge | | | 1499 | Peace of Basel: The Hapsburgs recognize the autonomy of Switzerland | | | 1529 | Austrians drive the Turks from the gates of Vienna | | | 1589 | Battle of Arques: French Huguenots defeat the Catholics | | | 1676 | Benedetto Odescalchi elected Pope as Innocent XI (1676-1689), later beatified | | | 1745 | Battle of Preston Pans: Jacobites defeat the Hanoverians in ten minutes | | | 1776 | Great Fire of New York: five days after the British occupy the city | | | 1780 | Benedict Arnold gives British Major John Andre the plans to West Point | | | 1792 | French National Convention abolishes the monarchy | | | 1821 | Costa Rica, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador declare independence of Spain | | | 1858 | Sloop Niagara carries Black freedmen from Charleston, bound for Liberia | | | 1860 | Battle of Balikiao: Anglo-French troops defeat the Chinese | | | 1861 | Combat at Pappinsville, Mo | | | 1863 | Union forces retreat to Chattanooga after defeat at Chickamauga | | | 1872 | James H. Conyers becomes the first black USNA cadet | | | 1896 | Lord Kitchener captures Dongala from the Mahdists | | | 1913 | Turkey & Bulgaria sign peace treaty in Constantinople, ending the Second Balkan War | | | 1940 | Initial D-Day for “Operation Sealion” - Hitler’s invasion of Britain | | | 1941 | Launch of the first Liberty, SS Patrick Henry | | | 1942 | Burma: Commonwealth offensive in the Arakan. | | | 1942 | Maiden flight of the B-29 | | | 1942 | Nazis execute 116 hostages in Paris | | | 1943 | Aussie raiders in 6 canoes sink two ships with mines in Singapore. | | | 1944 | Last British paratroopers holding the bridge at Arnhem surrender | | | 1944 | Luzon: air strikes from 12 TF 38 carriers against Japanese targets. | | | 1949 | Federal Republic of Germany established | | | 1949 | People's Republic of China proclaimed | | | 1950 | George C. Marshall becomes Secretary of Defense | | | 1957 | Olav V assumes the throne of Norway | | | 1964 | Malta, G.C., gains its independence from Britain | | | 1972 | Pres Ferdinand Marcos imposes martial law in Philippines | | 22 | 0 | Feast of St. Maurice, veteran and Patron of Infantry | | | 0 | Feast of St. Maurice, veteran and Patron of Infantry | | | 66 | Nero forms the legio I Italica | | | 1236 | Battle of Siauliai: Lithuanians & Semigallians defeat the Brothers of the Sword | | | 1460 | Battle of San Fabiano: The Bracceschi defeat the Aragonese | | | 1503 | Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini elected Pope as Pius III (22 Sep-18 Oct 1503) | | | 1609 | Spain orders Moslems to convert or leave the country | | | 1776 | John Paul Jones & USS Providence raid Br ships in Canso Bay, N.S. | | | 1793 | The French Committee of Public Safety orders the Ministers of Marine, War, and Interior to prepare to land l00,000 men on the shores of England | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Elliott's Mills/Camp Crittenden, Mo | | | 1862 | President Lincoln issues preliminary Emancipation Proclamation | | | 1864 | Battle of Fisher's Hill, Va: Gen Early Retreats to Brown's Gap | | | 1864 | Sheridan sets up camp in Harrisonburg, Va | | | 1868 | Race riots in New Orleans | | | 1905 | Race riot in Atlanta, 10 blacks & 2 whites die | | | 1906 | Race riot in Atlanta, 21 die | | | 1908 | Bulgaria declares independence from the Ottoman Empire | | | 1914 | German sub sinks British cruisers Aboukir, Cressy, & Hogue, 1,397 die | | | 1914 | SMS Emden shells Madras in India | | | 1942 | Madagascar: Vichyite troops abandon Tananarive and withdraw south | | | 1943 | Br midget subs attack German BB Tirpitz in Norwegian waters | | | 1943 | Kate Smith's 13 hour radio appeal sells $39 million in war bonds | | | 1944 | Boulogne liberated by the Allies | | | 1949 | First Russian atomic bomb explosion | | | 1950 | Omar Bradley is promoted to General of the Army | | | 1958 | Elvis arrives at the Brooklyn Army Terminal, to board a transport for Germany | | | 1961 | The Peace Corps is established | | | 1964 | Premiere of "The Man From U.N.C.L.E." on NBC-TV | | | 1975 | Sarah Jane Moore attempts to assassinate Pres. Gerald Ford | | | 1980 | Iraq invades Iran, beginning an eight year war | | | 1995 | AWACS crashes on takeoff, Elmendorf AFB, 24 die | | 23 | 0 | Feast of St. Phocas, Patron of Sailors | | | 480 | Battle of Salamis [Alt] | | | 1122 | Concordat of Worms: Pope Callistus II and HRE Henry V end the Investiture Controversy | | | 1325 | Battle of Altopascio: The Luccans defeat the Florentines | | | 1459 | Battle of Blore Heath: the Earl of Salisbury’s Yorkists beat Lord Audley’s Lancastrians | | | 1642 | Battle of Powick Bridge: Prince Rupert of the Rhine defeats Col John Brown & the Earl of Essex | | | 1700 | Spanish crush the Prince of Macchia's coup in Naples (began Sep 20) | | | 1779 | Celebrated duel bewtween John Paul Jones' Bonhomme Richard & HMS Serapis | | | 1780 | Maj. John Andre is captured, revealing Benedict Arnold's treason | | | 1803 | Battle of Assaye: Wellington's Anglo-Indian forces beat Maratha Army | | | 1806 | Frederick Marryat joins the Royal Navy | | | 1806 | Lewis & Clark Expedition ends at St Louis | | | 1846 | Mexican uprising against American occupation at Los Angeles | | | 1857 | Russian warship Leffort disappears in a storm off Finland, 826 die | | | 1861 | Combat at Romney, WVa | | | 1862 | Otto von Bismarck becomes Minister President of Prussia | | | 1863 | Confederates begin investment of Chattanooga | | | 1864 | Battle of Athens VA | | | 1865 | Harney Lake Valley, Ore: Skirmish between US troops & Indians | | | 1868 | Grito de Lares: abortive Puerto Rican uprising against Spain | | | 1915 | Serbian troops begin retreating into Albania pursued by Austro-German-Bulgarian forces | | | 1931 | Navy tests its first rotary wing aircraft, an XOP-1 autogiro, on Langley | | | 1940 | Dutch fascist leader Musserts meets Hitler for the first time | | | 1941 | Charles de Gaulle forms a French government-in-exile in London | | | 1941 | Kronstadt: German air raid sinks the Russian BB Marat | | | 1942 | Auschwitz begins experimental gassing executions | | | 1942 | Madagascar: British & Free French occupy Tananarive | | | 1973 | Juan Peron again becomes President of Argentina | | | 1979 | Jane Fonda & 200,000 attend anti-nuclear rally in Battery Park, NYC | | | 1996 | "JAG" premiers on NBC, later moves to CBS, runs for ten seasons | | 24 | 1066 | Harald Haardrada’s Norwegians capture York | | | 1143 | Guido del Castello elected Pope as Celestine II (1143-44) | | | 1180 | Alexius II Comnenus becomes Byzantine Emperor (1180-1183) | | | 1258 | Triumphal entry of Ezzelino da Romano into Brescia | | | 1400 | Battle of Welshpool: Henry Burnell defeats Owen Glendower | | | 1625 | Spanish repulse Dutch attack on San Juan, Puerto Rico | | | 1664 | The English capture Nieuw Amsterdam from the Dutch | | | 1683 | King Louis XIV expels all Jews from French America | | | 1794 | Pres Washington orders the militia out to suppress the Whiskey Rebellion. | | | 1864 | Battle of Pilot Knob, Mo | | | 1864 | Confederate general Sterling Price begins invasion of Missouri | | | 1918 | Ens David S. Ingalls becomes the first USN ace, in a Sopwith Camel, while seconded to the Royal Air Force | | | 1929 | Lt James H Doolittle makes the first all-instrument flight, Brooklyn | | | 1942 | Valeriia Khomiakova, of the 586th Fighter Regiment, becomes the first women to down an enemy aircraft in combat, flying a Yak 1 on her first mission | | | 1942 | "Chesty" Puller's Marines engage Japanese on Mt. Austen, Guadalcanal | | | 1943 | Soviet forces liberate Smolensk | | | 1943 | Sub Cabrilla damages Japanese escort carrier Taiyo near Japan. | | | 1944 | San Marino declares war on Germany | | | 1948 | Mildred "Axis Sally" Gillars pleads innocent in Washington | | | 1950 | Operation Magic Carpet: the Jews of Yemen are taken to Israel | | | 1960 | USS Enterprise (CVN-65) is launched, the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier | | | 1982 | US, Italian, & French peacekeeping troops begin arriving in Lebanon | | 25 | 233 | Triumph of the Emperor Severus Alexander for his victories over the Persians | | | 1066 | Battle of Stamford Bridge: Harold of England defeats Harald of Norway | | | 1143 | Election of Guido del Casetllo as Pope as Celestine II (1143-1144) | | | 1396 | Battle of Nicopolis: Sultan Bayazid I defeats Crusaders | | | 1493 | Columbus begins his second voyage to the New World | | | 1526 | Battle of Governolo: Italians under Giovanni degli Bande Nere defeat the Imperialists | | | 1555 | Peace of Augsburg: truce in Protestant-Catholic tensions in the HRE | | | 1598 | Battle of Stangebro: Swedes defeat King Sigismund, ending union with Poland | | | 1839 | France recognizes the Republic of Texas | | | 1846 | Zachary Taylor's army occupies Monterrey, Mexico | | | 1857 | Relief of Lucknow by Havelock & Outram | | | 1861 | Combat at Chapmansville, WVa | | | 1861 | SecNav Welles authorizes the enlistment of former slaves | | | 1911 | French battleship Liberte blows up at Toulon, 226 die | | | 1937 | Mussolini visits Berlin | | | 1939 | German Luftwaffe fire bombs Warsaw | | | 1940 | Vidkun Quisling establishes a quisling-government in Norway | | | 1942 | Australian troops open an offensive along the Kokoda Trail | | | 1957 | Little Rock: 300 troops escort nine black students to Central High School | | | 1983 | Mass escape of 38 IRA prisoners from a British prison near Belfast | | | 1987 | Fiji: Maj Gen Sitiveni Rabuka's second coup | | | 2002 | Islamist gunmen kill 7 Christians in Karachi, Pakistan | | 26 | 266 | Triumph of D. Iunius Pera for defeat of the Umbrians | | | 1371 | Battle of the Maritsa: Turks defeat the Serbs | | | 1396 | Sultan Bajezid I beheads hundreds of Crusaders | | | 1414 | King Henry V prohibits the export of gunpowder from England | | | 1527 | Battle of Tokay: Archduke Ferdinand of Hapsburg defeats King John Zapolya of Hungary | | | 1575 | Cervantes is captured by Algerine pirates & held for ransom | | | 1580 | Sir Francis Drake's 34 month circumnavigation ends at Plymouth | | | 1687 | The Parthenon is partially destroyed during the Venetian siege of Turkish-held Athens | | | 1777 | British troops occupy Philadelphia during the American Revolution | | | 1781 | First Royal visit to America: Pr. William Henry [later King William IV], a Royal Navy officer, arrives at New York with the British fleet during the Revolution | | | 1799 | Second Battle of Zurich: French defeat the Austro-Russians | | | 1815 | Prussia, Russia, & Austria form the "Holy Alliance" to suppress liberalism | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Lucas Bend, Ky | | | 1918 | US begins Meuse-Argonne offensive against Germans | | | 1918 | USCGC Tampa lost at sea with 118 men, probably to a German submarine | | | 1925 | Italian submarine Sebastiano Veniero lost off Sicily, 54 die | | | 1940 | Japanese troops occupy French Indo-China | | | 1941 | Nazis initiate murder of about 34,000 Jews at Babi Yar, near Kiev | | | 1943 | Japanese TB Kasasagi sunk off Flores, Netherlands East Indies | | | 1950 | UN troops liberate Seoul | | | 1953 | Polish communist government arrests Cardinal Wyszynski | | | 1953 | US and Spain sign a mutual defense treaty | | | 1989 | Last Vietnamese soldier leaves Cambodia | | 27 | 1130 | Pope Innocent II grants Sicily to Count Ruggero II of Calabria, when he conquers it | | | 1414 | Gaeta concludes an armistice with Count Giacomo of Fondi | | | 1540 | Pope Paul III approves the formation of the Society of Jesus | | | 1604 | Battle of Kircholm: Poles defeat Charles IX of Sweden | | | 1777 | Battle of Germantown: Washington is defeated by the British in a close fight | | | 1779 | John Adams negotiates Revolutionary War peace terms with Britain | | | 1810 | Battle of Busaco: Wellesley's Anglo-Portuguese defeat the French | | | 1821 | Mexico attains independence | | | 1863 | Cavalry action at Moffat's Station, Arkansas | | | 1864 | Centralia Massacre: “Bloody Bill” Anderson’s Rebel partisans massacre Union prisoners | | | 1866 | “Empress” Carlotta of Mexico meets with Pope Pius IX, but fails to secure his support for her husband Maximilian, but does get to spend the night in the Vatican palace | | | 1923 | Italian troops evacuate Corfu | | | 1935 | Typhoon hits Japanese fleet during maneuvers, 52 die | | | 1936 | Spanish Nationalists lift the siege of the Alcazar of Toledo | | | 1938 | Jewish lawyers forbidden to practice in Germany | | | 1938 | League of Nations declares Japan the aggressor in "China Incident" | | | 1939 | Warsaw surrenders to Germans after 19 days of resistance | | | 1940 | Black leaders protest discrimination in US armed forces | | | 1940 | Tripartite Pact: Nazi Germany, Italy, & Japan sign a formal alliance | | | 1942 | Japanese aircraft bomb Marine positions on Guadalcanal. | | | 1942 | Papua: Japanese fall back from Ioribaiwa on the Kokoda Trail. | | | 1944 | Jewish US Army Nurse Reba Tobiason is captured by Germans near Aachen; later exchanged, she is the only military woman captured in the ETO | | | 1957 | The end of the world | | | 1962 | US sells Hawk anti-aircraft missiles to Israel | | | 1991 | Pres GHW Bush ends full-time airborne B-52 bomber alert | | | 1996 | The Taliban capture Kabul, installing an Islamist theocracy in Afghanistan | | 28 | 61 | First day of Pompey’s Third Triumph: For the defeat of Mithridates | | | 1066 | William the Conqueror lands in England, with about 10,000 friends | | | 1238 | King Jaime I of Aragon liberates Valencia from the Moors | | | 1322 | Battle of Muhldorf: Duke Frederick von Hapsburg of Austria is defeated by his rival for the German crown, Duke Louis IV of Bavaria | | | 1484 | Condottiero Obbietto Fieschi captures Bosco di Corniglio | | | 1687 | The Turks surrender Athens to the Venetians | | | 1745 | Battle of Bassignana: The French & Spanish defeat the Piedmontese | | | 1781 | Siege of Yorktown begins: last major battle of the Revolutionary War | | | 1806 | French defeat Fra Diavolo near Itri | | | 1822 | US Sloop-of-war Peacock captures 5 pirate vessels in the Caribbean | | | 1823 | Annibale della Genga elected Pope as Leo XII (1723-1729) | | | 1850 | Congress outlaws flogging in the Navy and Merchant Marine | | | 1864 | Battle of Fort Harrison/Chaffin's Farm/New Market Heights (ends 30th) | | | 1868 | Battle of Alcolea: Queen Isabella II of Spain flees to France | | | 1868 | Opelousa Massacre, St Landry Parish, Louisiana: 200 blacks killed by white supremacists | | | 1871 | Chochise and the Chiricahua Apache make peace | | | 1889 | Carlos I crowned King of Portugal (1889-1908) | | | 1901 | Balangiga, Samar: 48 of 78 men of Co. C., 9th Inf, killed by Filipino insurgents | | | 1906 | US troops occupy Cuba, stay until 1909 | | | 1914 | Germans occupy Antwerp, as Anglo-Belgian troops withdraw | | | 1918 | Pte Henry Tandey fails to kill Adolf Hitler, while earning a VC near Marcoing | | | 1919 | Pres Wilson has a stroke | | | 1922 | Fascists stage the "March on Rome" | | | 1923 | US Navy aircraft take first and second places in the Schneider Cup Race | | | 1924 | Two US Army planes end around-world flight, Seattle to Seattle, 57 stops | | | 1943 | Japanese minelayer Hoko is sunk east of Buka by U.S. Army aircraft | | | 1944 | Burma: British XV Corps resumes the offensive in the Arakan | | | 1944 | SS-Maj Reder supervises mass murders at Marzabotto, Italy | | 29 | 0 | Feast of St Michael the Archangel, Patron of Soldiers & of St Gabriel the Archangel, Patron of Diplomats and Signalmen | | | 61 | Second Day of Pompey’s Third Triumph: for the defeat of the Pirates | | | 440 | Consecration of Pope Leo I “The Great” (440-461), later canonized | | | 855 | Consecration of Pope Benedict III (855-859) | | | 1096 | Xerigordon [Nicaea], invested on the 21st, falls to the Seljuks, who slaughter all who refuse to convert to Islam | | | 1106 | Battle of Tinchebrai: King Henry I of England defeats his brother Robert. | | | 1259 | Battle of Cassano d’Adda: Ezzelino da Romano is captured by his numerous enemies | | | 1349 | Jews of Krems, Austria, accused of poisoning wells | | | 1364 | Battle of Auray: Anglo-Bretons defeat the Franco-Bretons | | | 1399 | Richard II is coerced into abdicating in favor of his cousin Henry IV | | | 1744 | Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo: The Spanish defeat the Piedmontese | | | 1813 | William Henry Harrison recaptures Detroit from the British | | | 1860 | Ancona surrenders to the Piedmontese | | | 1861 | Skirmish at Munson's Hill, Va: 69th Pa accidentally fires on the 71st Pa, 9 die | | | 1864 | Battle of Waynesboro & New Market Heights, Va | | | 1872 | Kiowa chief Lone Wolf captures Satanta & Big Tree | | | 1918 | NY’s 27th Div makes a decisive breakthrough of the Hindenburg Line at the San Quintin Tunnel | | | 1961 | Syria secedes from the UAR | | | 1962 | JFK authorizes use of federal troops to integrate Ole Miss | | | 1988 | UN Peacekeepers win the Nobel Peace Prize | | 30 | 489 | Battle of Verona: King Odoacer of Italy defeated by Theodoric the Ostrogoth | | | 1158 | Battle of Galloway: Roland defeats Gilcolm | | | 1399 | King Richard II of England abdicates, under pressure | | | 1659 | Robinson Crusoe is shipwrecked, fictionally | | | 1691 | The French capture Strassbourg | | | 1707 | Austrians take Gaeta from the Spanish by storm | | | 1745 | Battle of Soor: Prussians defeat the Austrians | | | 1777 | Congress flees to York as the British advance in Pennsylvania | | | 1787 | Ship Columbia leaves Boston to begin America’s first round-the-world voyage (returns three years later) | | | 1797 | The Neapolitan Army libertes Rome from the French | | | 1835 | Battle of Gonzales: Texians rout Mexicans, touching off Texas Revolution | | | 1857 | US annexes Sand, Baker, Howland, & Jarvis Is, south of Hawaii | | | 1862 | Battle of Newtonia, Ms | | | 1864 | Battle of Preble's Farm/Poplar Springs Church, Va, | | | 1867 | Midway Island formally declared a US possession | | | 1899 | Tumultuous reception in New York for Admiral of the Navy George Dewey | | | 1914 | The Army disbands the Seminole Negro Indian Scouts, after 44 years of service | | | 1936 | USS Brooklyn (CL-40) commissioned, in Brooklyn (where else?) | | | 1938 | Munich Agreement: Czechoslovakia surrenders Sudetenland to Germany | | | 1942 | Japanese make their first airstrike against Adak, in the Aleutians. | | | 1944 | Calais liberated by Allies | | | 1946 | Judgement at Nuremberg: 22 Nazi leaders found guilty | | | 1949 | Berlin Airlift ends after 277,000 flights | | | 1949 | US officially disbands the Philippine Scouts | | | 1951 | USS Monitor, sunk Dec 31, 1862, formally declared "out of commission" | | | 1954 | USS Nautilus (SSN-571) is commissioned | | | 1966 | Nazi war criminals Albert Speer & Baldur von Schirach released from Spandau prison after 20-years | | | 1993 | Chairman of the JCS Gen. Colin Powell retires |
|
|
|
