November Military History

Born

1	846	King Louis II "the Stutter" of France (877-79)
	1500	Benvenuto Cellini, goldsmith, sculptor, painter, soldier, musician, author, rake, d. 1571
	1757	Antonio Canova, sculptor ("Pauline Bonaparte"), d. 1822
	1776	King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (1792-1809), deposed, d. 1837
	1815	Douglas Hancock Cooper, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1879
	1825	Joseph Benjamin Palmer, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1890
	1835	Godfrey Weitzel, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1884
	1853	Jose Santos Zelaya, President/Dictator of Nicaragua (1893-1910), d. 1919
	1871	Stephen Crane, novelist ("The Red Badge of Courage"), d. 1900
	1878	Carlos Saavedra Lamas, 1936 Peace Nobelist, d. 1959
	1889	Philip John Noel-Baker, 1959 Peace Nobelist, d. 1982
2	1734	Daniel Boone, militiaman, frontiersman, d. 1820
	1755	Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France (1774-1792), shortened 1793
	1795	James K Polk, militiaman, president (1845-1849), d. less than three months after leaving office
	1810	Andrew Atkinson Humphreys, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1883
	1826	Robert Hopkins Hatton, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1862
	1826	William Haines Lytle, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1863
	1828	Byron Grimes, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1880
	1865	Warren G. Harding, president (1921-1923), d. 1923
	1938	Queen Sofia of Spain
	1944	Jeffrey A. Hoffman, Brooklyn astronaut
3	39	Marcus Annaeus Lucanus - Lucan, poet ("Bellum Civile"), d. AD 65
	1470	Edward V of England (Apr 9-Jun 25 1483), deposed & murdered by his Uncle Richard, 1483
	1604	Ottoman Sultan Osman II (1618-22),
	1718	John Montague, the Fourth Earl of Sandwich, naval officer, culinary innovator, d. 1792
	1793	Stephen F. Austin, the "Father of Texas", d. 1836
	1816	Jubal A. Early, Lt Gen, C.S.A., the only man in the Army of Northern Virginia that Lee openly sacked, d. 1894
	1818	Gustavus Adolphus DeRussy, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1891
	1826	Jasper Adalmorn Maltby, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1867
	1833	Edward Dorr Tracy, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1863
	1844	Ottoman Mohammed V Resjad (1909-18)
	1852	Mutsuhito, the Meiji - 122nd Emperor of Japan (1867-1912)
	1901	André Malraux, airman, resistance fighter, novelist, radical, d. 1976
	1901	King Leopold III of Belgium (1934-1951), collaborator, d. 1983
	1912	Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda, Dictator/President of Paraguay (1954-1989), d. 2006
	1954	Kevin P Chilton, USAF, Astronaut
4	1615	Ottoman Sultan Ibrahim I (1640-48)
	1650	William III, Prince of Orange (1650-1702), Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic (1672-1702), King of England and Ireland, (1689-1702) and King William II of Scotland (1689-1702)
	1816	William Polk Hardeman, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1898
	1818	Alexander Robert Lawton, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1896
	1820	Robert Vinkler Richardson, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1870
	1835	Lunsford Lindsay Lomax, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1913
	1842	William Barker Cushing, naval hero, U.S., d. 1874
	1916	Walter Cronkite, war correspondent, Cold Warrior, d. 2009
5	1271	Mahmud Ghazan, Mongol Il-Khan of Persia (1295-1304)
	1818	Benjamin Butler, Maj. Gen., US; who proved the women of New Orleans were all ladies, d. 1893
	1825	Julius H. Stahel-Számwald, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1912
	1832	William Woods Averell, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1900
	1895	Will Durant, historian ("The Story of Civilization"), lover of Ariel Durant neé Chaya Kaufman, d. 1981
	1902	Strom Thurmond, D-Day veteran, segregationist, d. 2003
6	15	Julia Agrippina the Younger – “Agrippinilla” – daughter of Germanicus, sister to Caligula, niece and wife to Claudius, mother of Nero, who murdered her in 59
	1479	Queen Juana "la Loca" of Castile (1504-06), d. 1555
	1494	Ottoman Sultan Suleiman I “the Magnificent” (1520-66)
	1661	King Charles II, the last Spanish Habsburg (1665-1700)
	1754	Duke Frederick III (1797-1806)/King Frederick I of Württemberg (1806-16), who stood 6' 11"
	1822	Gordon Granger, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1876
	1838	John Grant Mitchell, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1894
	1854	John Phillip Sousa, "The March King," Soldier, Sailor, & Marine, d. 1932
	1856	Tsar Nicholas II of Russia (1894-1917), murdered 1918
	1900	Heinrich Himmler, mass murderer, suicide 1945
	1921	James Jones, soldier, novelist ("From Here to Eternity"), d. 1977
	2948	Noah, pioneer navigator [Trad]
7	630	Constans II "the Bearded," Romano-Byzantine Emperor (641-668), last emperor to visit Rome
	1728	Captain James Cook, intrepid navigator & explorer, k. 1779
	1797	Silas Horton Stringham, naval officer, U.S., d. 1876
	1860	Jean-Baptiste Eugène Estienne, French general, d. 1936
	1867	Maria Sklodowska-Curie, Polish nationalist, Nobelist in chemistry & physics, d. 1934
	1875	Mikhail Kalinin, Stalinist co-conspirator, d. 1946
	1879	Lev Bronstein, aka Leon Trotsky, intellectual mass murderer, k. 1940
	1952	David Petraeus, general
8	35	Marcus Cocceius Nerva, Roman Emperor (96-98)
	1572	Johan Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg (1608-1619), Duke of of Prussia (1618-1619)
	1622	King Charles X Gustav of Sweden (1654-1660)
	1817	Claudius Wistar Sears, Brig Gen, C.S.A. d. 1891
	1829	Samuel Wylie Crawford, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1892
	1830	Oliver Otis Howard, Maj Gen, U.S., historian, d. 1909
	1900	Margaret Mitchell, novelist("GWTW"), who had a grandfather at Gettysburg, d. 1949
9	1414	Prince-Elector Albrecht III Achilles of Brandenburg (1471-1476)
	1823	William Henry Forney, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1894
	1825	Ambrose P Hill, Lt Gen, C.S.A., kia 865
	1841	King Edward VII of England (1901-10)
10	1433	Duke Charles "the Rash" of Burgundy (1467-1477), noted thickhead, kia 1477
	1483	Martin Luther, theologian, revolutionary, anti-Semite, d. 1546
	1566	Robert Devereux, Second Earl of Essex, soldier, Gloriana’s favorite, beheaded, 1601
	1683	George II Augustus (76), King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Archtreasurer and Prince-Elector of the Holy Roman Empire (1727-1760), Victor of Dettingen, 1742
	1827	Alfred Howe Terry, Maj Gen, U.S., Indian fighter, d. 1890
	1830	Albert Gallatin Jenkins, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1864
	1888	Andrei Nikolayevich Tupolev, Russian aircraft designer, d. 1972
	1895	John Knudsen Northrop, American aircraft designer, d. 1981
	1919	Mikhail Kalishnikov, soldier, weapons designer
	1925	Richard Burton, RAF cadet, actor ("Where Eagles Dare"), d. 1984
11	1050	Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1056-1106)
	1154	King Sancho I of Portugal (1185-1212)
	1155	King Alfonso VIII of Castille (1158-1214), 53, victor of Las Navas de Tolosa
	1657	Guido Wald Rüdiger, Graf von Starhemberg;, Austrian field marshal, d. 1737
	1744	Abigail Adams, Founding Mother, d. 1818
	1748	King Charles IV of Spain (1788-1808), d. 1821
	1811	Ben McCulloch, Brig Gen, C.S.A., KIA, 1862
	1852	Franz Conrad von Hotzendorf, inept Austro-Hungarian general, d. 1925
	1864	Alfred Hermann Fried, German pacifist, Nobel Peace Prize, 1911
	1869	King Victor Emmanual III of Italy (1900-46), d. 1947
	1885	George S. Patton, Jr., d. 1945
	1920	James Bond, fictional naval officer & secret agent
12	1528	Qi Jiguang, Ming general, restorer of the Great Wall, d. 1588
	1729	Louis Antoine de Bougainville, French explorer, d 1811
	1755	Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian military reformer, d. 1813
	1866	Sun Yat-sen, first President of the Republic of China, d 1925
	1911	William Patrick Hitler, who fought Uncle Adolf in the USN (1944-1947), d. 1987
13	354	St. Augustine of Hippo, d. 430
	1312	King Edward III of England (1327-77)
	1504	Landgraf Philip I "the Magnanimous" of Hesse (1509–1567)
	1809	John Adolph Bernard Dahlgren, naval officer, gun founder, d. 1870
	1813	John Wolcott Phelps, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1885
	1813	Prince Peter II Petrovic of Montenegro (1830-51)
	1814	Joseph Hooker, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1879
14	1765	Robert Fulton, inventor, d. 1815
	1814	Michael Kelly Lawler, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1882
	1822	William Harrow, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1872
	1827	Isaac Wistar, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1905
	1828	James Birdseye MacPherson, Maj Gen, U.S., KIA 1864
	1909	Joseph R McCarthy, Navy veteran, dipsomaniacal demagogic senator, d. 1957
	1948	Charles, the Prince of Wales
	1954	Condolezza Rice, presidential advisor
15	1316	Jean I “the Posthumous”, King of France (Nov 11-20, 1316)
	1397	Tommaso Parentucelli - Pope Nicholas V (1447-1455)
	1708	William Pitt the Elder, the "Great Commoner", PM (1756-1761, 1766-1768), d. 1778
	1814	Pleasant Adam Hackleman, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1862
	1816	Joseph Bennett Plummer, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1862
	1836	Pierce Manning Butler Young, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1896
	1891	Erwin "the Desert Fox" Rommel, forced suicide 1944
	1906	Curtis E Le May, American "Bomber Baron", d 1990
	1907	Count Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg, anti-Nazi conspirator, executed 1944
	1907	Nicholas G.L. Hammond, historian (“The Genius of Alexander the Great”), d. 2001
16	42	Tiberius Claudius Nero, Tiberius, Roman Emperor (AD 14-37)
	1603	Taddeo Barberini, Prince of Palestrina, inept general, art collector, d. 1647.
	1642	Lieutenant-Admiral Cornelis Evertsen the Younger of Zealand, d. this date 1706
	1822	Charles Smith Hamilton, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1891
	1835	Elliott Warren Rice, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1887
	1896	Oswald Mosley, self-styled British "Führer", d. 1980
	1950	Carl J Meade, astronaut (STS 38, STS 50)
17	9	Titus Flavius Vespasianus – Vespasian, Roman Emperor (69-79)
	1755	King Louis XVIII of France (1814-24) -- "Louis the Unavoidable"
	1794	John Barrien Montgomery, naval officer, U.S., d. 1873
	1814	Joseph Finegan, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1885
	1826	John McArthur, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1906
	1834	Stephen Hinsdale Weed, Brig Gen, U.S.; kia Gettysburg, 1863
	1887	Field Marshal Viscount Bernard Law Montgomery, Viscount of Alamein, d. 1976
18	1810	Benjamin Stone Roberts, Brig Gen, U.S., of "Roberts' Rules", d. 1875
	1812	Jesse Johnson Finley, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1904
	1824	Franz Sigel, "Red '48-er," Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1902
	1824	Isham Nicholas Hayne, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1868
	1835	Americus Vespucius Rice, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1904
	1836	Maximo Gomez, Cuban revolutionary, d. 1905
	1916	Shelby Foote, author ("The Civil War: A Narrative")
	1923	Alan B Shepard, Jr., USN, astronaut, d. 1998
	1941	David Hemmings, actor ("The Charge of the Light Brigade"), d. 2003
19	1503	Pier Luigi Farnese, son of the later Pope Paul III, first Duke of Parma, Piacenza, & Castro (1545-1547), Captain General of the Holy Church, murdered 1547
	1600	King Charles I of England (1625-1649), beheaded 1649, at 48
	1752	George Rogers Clark, frontiersman, soldier, d. 1818
	1810	August von Willich, Brig Gen, U.S., friend to Marx, d. 1878
	1811	John Ancrum Winslow, naval officer, U.S., d. 1873
	1827	Isaac Munroe St John, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1880
	1831	James A Garfield, Maj Gen, U.S., president (Mar 4-Sept 19, 1881), assassinateds
	1835	Fitzhugh Lee, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1905
	1893	Mao Tse-Tung/ Mao Zedong, poetically-inclined Chinese visionary, with a high body count, d. 1976
	1897	Quentin Roosevelt, airman, kia July 14, 1918
	1917	Indira Gandhi, Indian PM (1966-1977, 1980-1984), murdered 1984
20	270	Gaius Valerius Galerius Maximinus Daia, Roman Emperor (308-314)
	1761	Francesco Xaverio Castiglione - Pope Pius VIII (1829-1830)
	1802	James Lawrence Lardner, naval officer, d. 1881
	1830	Patrick Henry Jones, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1900
	1836	John Thomas Croxton, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1874
	1872	Joseph Mason Reeves, Adm., U.S.N., "Father of Carrier Aviation," d. 1948
	1895	William V.S. Tubman, Liberian President (1943-1970), murdered 1970
	1932	Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995-2007)
21	1817	Richard B Garnett, Brig Gen, C.S.A., kia, July 3, 1863
	1828	William McComb, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1918
	1831	John Franklin Miller, Brig Gen, U.S., in 1886
	1834	Joseph Jackson Bartlett, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1893
	1854	Giacomo Della Chiesa - Pope Benedict XV , d. 1922
	1914	Michael Grant, historian (“Gladiators”), d. 2004
22	1535	Count John VI "the Old" of Nassau-Dillenburg (1559-1606)
	1805	Benjamin Huger, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1877
	1818	Samuel Gibbs French, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1910
	1823	Nathan Kimball, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1898
	1832	George Henry Chapman, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1882
	1835	Frank Crawford Armstrong, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1909
	1881	Enver Pasha, Young Turk, kia, 1922
	1888	Tarzan, fictionally [Alt]
	1890	Charles de Gaulle, d 1970
	1922	Sir Michael Howard, Guardsman, Military Cross, historian ("War in European History", "War & the Liberal Conscience", etc.)
	1930	Owen K Garriott, astronaut (Skylab 3, STS-9)
	1942	Guion S Bluford, Jr., USAF, astronaut
23	912	Otto I the Great, King of the Germans, Holy Roman Emperor (962-73)
	1221	King Alfonso X “the Wise” of Castille & Leon (1252-84)
	1402	Jean de Dunois, Bastard of Orleans, illegitimate son of Duke Louis d'Orléans, comrade to Joan of Arc, d. 1468
	1740	Edward Rutledge, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1800
	1804	Franklin Pierce, militiaman, volunteer, President (1853-1857), d. 1869
	1809	Horatio Phillips Van Cleve, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1891
	1819	Benjamin Mayberry Prentiss, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1901
	1859	Henry "Billy the Kid" McCarty (aka Henry Antrim, William Boney), in New York, k. 1881
24	1655	King Charles XI of Sweden (1660-97)
	1784	Zachary Taylor, Maj Gen, U.S., and President (1849-1850)
	1829	William Passmore Carlin, Brig Gen, U.S., diarist, d. 1903
	1921	John V. Lindsay, naval officer, Mayor of NY (1965-1973), d. 2000
25	1823	Joseph Alexander Cooper, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1910
	1825	Edward Augustus Wild, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1891
	1881	Angelo Roncalli, Sergeant of Infantry (1915-1918), Pope John XXIII (1958-63)
	1895	Anastas I Mikoyan, Stalin's henchman, d. 1978
	1915	Augusto Pinochet, Dictator of Chile (1973-1990)
26	1816	William Henry Talbot Walker, Maj Gen, C.S.A., kia 1864
	1827	Alfred Moore Scales, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1892
	1937	Boris Yegorov, cosmonaut (Voskhod 1), d. 1994
27	1808	Hugh Weedon Mercer, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1877
	1907	L. Sprague de Camp, naval officer, wargamer, author, d. 2000
	1952	James D Wetherbee, USN, astronaut (STS 32, 52)
28	1811	King Maximilian II Josef of Bavaria (1848-64)
	1820	Friedrich Engels, exploiter of the workers & peasants, d. 1895
	1820	Lawrence O'Bryan Branch, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1862
	1857	King Alfonso XII of Spain (1874-85)
	1887	Ernst Rohm, Nazi, murdered by Hitler 1934
	1902	Philippe Le Clerc, Liberator of Paris, died in a plane crash, this date in 1947
29	1229	Duke Louis II "the Strange" of Bavaria (1253-1294)
	1797	Gaetano Maria Donizetti, composer ("La fille du régiment"), d. 1848
	1815	Stephen Augustus Hurlbut, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1882
	1833	Louis Douglass Watkins, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1868
	1834	Thomas Edward Greenfield Ransom, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1864
	1856	Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, German Chancellor (1909-1917) who in 1914 scorned a "mere scrap of paper"
	1949	Kenneth D Cameron, USMC, astronaut
30	1373	King Ferdinand I "the Just" of Aragon, Valencia, Majorca, Sardinia, & Corsica, King of Sicily, Duke of Athens and Neopatria, Count of Barcelona, Roussillon, & Cerdanya (1412-1416), and Regent of Castile (1406-1416)
	1427	King Casimir IV of Poland (1447-92)
	1466	Andrea Doria, Genoese statesman, admiral, condottiero, d. 1560
	1699	King Christian VI of Denmark and Norway (1730-1746).
	1810	Oliver Fisher Winchester, gunsmith, d. 1880
	1817	Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen, historian, d. 1903
	1826	George Washington Deitzler, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1884
	1828	Jedediah Hotchkiss, military engineer, C.S.A., d. 1899
	1835	Samuel Langhorne Clemens (“Mark Twain”), Confederate deserter, author, d. 1910
	1863	Andres Bonifacio, Filipino nationalist, killed 1896
	1874	Winston Spencer Churchill, d. 1965
	1885	Albrecht Kesselring, German field marshal, d. 1960

Died

1	1700	King Charles II of Spain (1665-1700), 38
	1734	Louisa de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth, 84, sometime numbered among the mistresses of Charles II
	1793	Lord George Gordon, 42, English anti-Catholic agitator (“Gordon Riots” of 1780)
	1903	Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen, historian, Literature Nobelist, at 85
	1963	Ngo Dinh Diem, 82, South Vietnamese strongman, in a coup
	1972	Ezra Pound, Fascist collaborator, poet ("Cantos"), at 87
	2007	Brig Gen Paul W. Tibbets Jr., who commanded the Enola Gay, at 92
2	472	Roman Emperor Anicius Olybrius (11 Jul-2 Nov 472), c. 42, natural causes
	678	Pope Donus [Dominus] (676-678)
	1241	Pope Celestine IV - Gofredo Castiflioni (25 Oct-10 Nov 1241), c. 50
	1475	Bartolomeo Colleoni, condottiero, at c. 75, Captain-General of Venice, but he had to pay for his own statue
	1483	Henry Stafford, Earl of Buckingham, Constable of England, beheaded at 49
	1916	Queen Elisabeth of Romania, at 72
	1917	James Gressham, Merle Hay, & Thomas Enright, first U.S. soldiers kia in France during World War I
	2004	Theo Van Gogh, 47, Dutch film maker, murdered by an Islamic fanatic
3	361	Roman Emperor Constantius II (337-361), at 44
	1254	Emperor of Nicaea St. John III Ducas Vatatzes (1222-1254), at c.60
	1428	Thomas Montacute, 40, 4th Earl of Salisbury, of wounds from fragments of a door shattered by a cannonball on Oct 23rd during the siege of Orleans -- the first English gentleman slain by gunfire
	1493	Antonio Malvizzi, Patrician of Bologna, assassinated
	1873	Chief Kintpuash - "Captain Jack" of the Modoc, c. 35, hanged for the murder of Maj. Gen. Canby and the Rev. Eleazar Thomas
	1926	Annie Oakley, sharpshooter, 66
	1970	King Peter II Karadjordjevic of Yugoslavia (1934-1945), 47, in exile in the US
4	644	Umar ibn al-Khattab, c. 55-60, the second Caliph (635-644), assassinated at Medina by Uthman, who succeeded him
	1203	Count Dirk VII of Holland (1190-1203), c. 40-45
	1702	Adm. John Benbow, English admiral, c. 52, of wounds in Jamaica
	1830	Count Frédéric de Merode, 38, Belgian patriot, kia at Malines
	1918	Wilfred Owen, war poet ("Anthem for Doomed Youth"), kia at 25
	1921	Hara Takashi, 65, Premier of Japan (1918-1921), assassinated
	1940	Manuel Azaña y Diez, litterateur, war minister, premiere, & president of the Spanish Republic (1936-39), at 60
	1958	General of Infantry Hermann von Kuhl, b. 1856
5	1370	King Casimir III the Great of Poland (1333-70), at 61
	1944	Walter Edward Guinness, 1st Baron Moyne, 64, British minister for the Middle East, assassinated by the Stern Gang in Cairo
	1990	Meir David Kahane, 58, radical Jewish nationalist, assassinated by an Islamist
	2005	Peter A. Brunt, classical scholar ("Italian Manpower, 225 BC-AD 14"), b. 1917
6	1003	Pope John XVII [XVIII] - Giovanni Sicco (May 16-Nov 6, 1003)
	1406	Pope Innocent VII - Cosimo de' Migliorati (1404-1406), c. 70
	1632	King Gustavus II Aldophus of Sweden (1611-1632), 37, kia, Lutzen
	1632	Marquis Girolamo Pallavicino, Captain of Imperial Cuirassiers, kia, Lutzen
	1656	João IV "The Restorer," 53, Duke of Braganca (1630-1656), estoration King of Portugal (1640-56)
	1836	King Charles X of France (1824-30), 79
	1944	Hannah Szenes, 23, Jewish poet, SOE operative, murdered by the Nazis in Budapest
7	8	Gaius Cilnius Maecenas, 62, friend to Augustus, patron of Vergil & Horace
	1225	Count Engelbert II of Berg (1189-1225), c. 40, Archbishop Engelbert I of Cologne (1216-1225), murdered by his cousin Count Frederick of Isenberg, whom he had found stealing church funds.
	1307	Hermann Gessler, Hapsburg Bailiff of Altdorf, shot by William Tell
	1837	Elijah P Lovejoy, 34, abolitionist publisher, murdered in Illinois by a pro-slavery mob
	1944	Richard Sorge (46), former Russian Imperial Guardsman, & Hotsumi Ozaki (43), journalist and politician, Soviet agents, hanged in Tokyo
	1962	Eleanor Roosevelt, FLOTUS (1933-1945), at 78
	1980	Steve McQueen, actor ("The Sand Pebbles", "The Great Escape"), at 50
8	1226	King Louis VIII "the Lion" of France (1223-26), 39
	1555	Gian Giacomo Medici “Il Medeghino” – condottiero, poisoned at c. 60
	1653	Tideo Marescotti, Patrician of Bologna, assassinated
	1933	Shah Mohammed Nadir of Afghanistan (1929-1933), 50, assassinated
	1945	FM August von Mackensen, Conqueror of Romania in 1916, Nazi stooge, 95
	1986	Vyacheslav M. Molotov, Stalin's henchman and the Oldest Old Bohlshevik, at 96
9	959	Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (908-959), 54
	1806	Fra Diavolo (Michele Pezza), 35, guerrilla warrior, hanged by the French in the Piazza del Mercato, Naples
	1836	King Charles X of France (1824-1830), 79. brother of Louis XVI & XVII; deposed 1830
	1888	Mary Jane Kelly, 25, Jack the Ripper’s fifth, and probable last, victim
	1952	Chaim Weizmann, first President of Israel (1948-1952), at 57
	1953	Abdul-Aziz ibn Sa'ud, founder of Saudi Arabia, c. 73
10	461	Pope St. Leo I “The Great” (440-461), c. 60
	1143	Count Fulk V of Anjou (1109-1143), King of Jerusalem (1131-1143), hunting accident at 50
	1285	King Pedro "the Great" III of Aragon, King Pedro I of Valencia and of Majorca, and Count Pedro II of Barcelona (1276-1285), and King Pietro I of Sicily (1282-1285), c. 46
	1299	Count Jean I of Holland and Zeeland (1296-1299), 16
	1444	King Ladislas III of Poland (1434-1444)/Laszlo I of Hungary (1440-1444), 20, kia at Varna
	1549	Pope Paul III - Alexander Farnese (1534-1549), 81
	1865	Henry Wirz, 42, former superintendent of Andersonville, executed
	1938	Mustafa Kemal Attaturk, 57
	1940	Neville Chamberlain, hapless -- or wily -- British PM (1937-40), at 71
	1944	Wang Ching-Wei/Wang Jingwei, Premier of China (1932-35), President underr Japanese control (1940-1944), b. 1884
	1954	Hossein Fatemi, c. 35, Iranian Foreign minister, executed
	1970	Charles de Gaulle, at 79
	1982	Pres Leonid Brezhnev of the USSR, 75
11	1331	King Stefan Uroš III Deshanski of Serbia (1322-31), c. 45-47
	1831	Nat Turner, 31, leader of the "Great Southampton Slave Revolt", hanged
	1861	King Pedro V d'Alcantara of Portugal (1853-61), 24
	2004	Yasir Arafat, inept Palestinian leader, at 75
12	607	Pope Boniface III (Feb19-Nov 12, 607)
	1035	King Canute the Great of Denmark (1014-1035) & England (1016-1035), c. 40
	1353	Ferrandino Malatesta, Lord of Rimini (1316-1353), condottiero, in bed at 95, rare in his profession, unheard of in his family
	1567	Duke Anne of Montmorency, Marshal of France, at 75, of wounds from the Battle of St. Denis, Nov 10th.
	1671	Thomas Fairfax, parliamentary general, b 1612
	1684	Admiral Edward “Old Grog” Vernon, 70, inventor of grog
	1912	José Canalejas y Méndez, Prime Minmister of Spain, 58, assassinated
	1989	Dolores "La Pasionaria" Ibarruri, Communist stooge, 93
13	867	Pope St. Nicholas I “the Great” (858-867), c. 47
	1319	King Eric VI Menved of Denmark (1286-1319), c. 45
	1359	Grand Duke Ivan II "the Fair" of Moscow & Vladimir (1353-1359), 33
	1460	Prince Henry "the Navigator" of Portugal, 66
	1942	RAdm Daniel Callaghan (52), RAdm Norman Scott (53), and George (27), Frank (26), and Joe (24) Sullivan, as well as several hundred other American seamen
	1985	c. 23,000 people in Armero, Columbia, buried in a mudslide following the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz.
14	565	Roman Emperor Justinian I (527-565), 82 [perhaps late on the 13th]
	976	Emperor Chao K'uang-yin (960-976), 49, the first Sung
	1263	Grand Duke Alexander Nevski of Novgorod (1252-1263), 43
	1673	King Michael Korybut Wilniowiecki of Poland-Lithuania (1669-1873), 33
	1687	Eleanor "Nell" Gwyn, 37, Charles I's favorite mistress
	1942	Al Sullivan (20), drowned off Guadalcanal
	1969	MajGen Bruno Arthur Hochmuth, 3rd MarDiv, 56, kia, Vietnam
15	1463	Giannantonio Orsini, Prince of Taranto, Grand Constable of Naples, strangled at c. 82
	1712	Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohn (37), and James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton and 1st Duke of Brandon (54), having hacked each other to pieces in a duel
	1908	Empress Dowager Cixi/Tz'u-Hsi T'ai-hou of China (1861-1908), 72
	1958	Tyrone Power, veteran, actor ("Captain from Castille"), heart attack at 44
16	498	Pope Anastasius II (496-498)
	1272	King Henry III of England (1216-72), 65
	1797	King Frederik Willem II of Prussia (1786-97), at 53
	1808	Ottoman Sultan Mustafa IV (1807-08), 29, murdered upon being deposed
	1831	Karl von Clausewitz, 52, of cholera
	1885	Louis Riel, Canadian revolutionary, executed for high treason at 41
	1960	Clark Gable, Captain, USAAF, actor ("GWTW"), at 59
17	375	Roman Emperor Valentinian I (364-375), c. 54, of apoplexy when visited by some arrogant barbairans
	474	Byzantine Emperor Leo II (18 Jan-17 Nov 474), natural causes at c. 7.
	1558	Queen Mary I of England (1553-1558), 42, called "Bloody," though with lower body count than her father or sister
	1793	French General Jean Nicolas Houchard (54), guillotined for not acting energetically enough after winning the Battle of Hondschoote in September
18	1170	Albrecht I “the Bear”, first Margraf of Brandenburg (1157-1170) and Duke of Saxony (1138-1142), c. 70
	1247	Robin Hood, reportedly poisoned by a nun
	1329	Alberghetto I Manfredi, Lord of Faenza (1327-1328), beheaded at Bologna
	1664	Miklos Zrinyi, Hungarian general and military thinker, at 44
	1851	Ernst August, Duke of Cumberland, King of Hanover (1837-51), at 80
	1886	Chester A Arthur, militiaman, president (1881-85), at 56
19	496	Pope St. Gelasius I (492-496)
	1495	King Alfonso II of Naples (Jan 25, 1494-February 22, 1495), 47, abdicated
	1581	Prince Ivan of Russia, 27, killed by his father, Ivan the Terrible
	1703	"The Man in the Iron Mask," of natural causes, after 24 years in the Batille and other prisons
	1798	Wolf Tone, 36, Irish patriot, leader of the United Irishmen, self-inflicted wound to cheat the hangman
	1911	Pres Ramon Caceres of the Dominican Republic (1906-1911), murdered
	1924	Major General Sir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice Stack, 56, Sirdar of Egypt, Governor General of the Sudan, murdered
	1936	Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish anarchist, kia at 40 outside Madrid, under suspicious circumstances
20	1316	King Jean I “the Posthumous” of France (15-20 Nov 1316), born a king
	1347	Stefano Colonna (c. 60), Roman noble, patron of Petrarch, his sons Camillo (c. 25) & Giovanni(18), his cousins Giovanni & Pietro Colonna, Co-Lords of Capranica, and Cyno Caetani of Fondi, Lord Giordano Orsini of Marino, Petruccio Frangipani, and many of their followers, kia, Battle of the Porta San Lorenzo
	1861	Henry Fry & Jacob M. Henshaw, lynched in Greeneville, Tn, on suspicion of being Union agents
	1924	Giacomo Puccini, composer ("Madama Butterfly"), 63
	1936	Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera, 33, executed by the Spanish Republic
	1944	Lt, j.g., Sekio Nishina, in Ultihi Atoll, probably while sinking USS Mississinewa (AO-59) with the kaiten weapon, which he co-invented
	1975	El Caudillo Francisco Franco y Bahamonde of Spain (1936-1975), at 82
21	53	Marcus Licinius Crassus, c. 60, beheaded vy the Parthians (not molten gold involved), but his head was later used as a prop in a play
	1910	Count Leo Tolstoy, 82, veteran of Sebastopol, in a train station
	1916	Franz Joseph, Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, King of Bohemia, (1848-1916), 86
22	950	King Lothair II of Italy (947-50), c. 23
	1617	Ottoman Sultan Ahmed I (1603-17), 27
	1718	Edward "Blackbeard" Teach, c. 38, priate lord, havin gbeen wounded 25 times during a battle with the Royal Navy
	1902	Friedrich A Krupp, 46, cannon founder, suicide
	1938	Lt. Prince Giuseppe Borghese de Borbone e Parma, kia, Battle of the Ebro, earning a Medaglia d’oro with the 4th Bandere of the Spanish Legion
	1963	John F. Kennedy, sailor, President (1961-1963), assassinated at 46
	1980	Mae West, Kentucky Colonel, at 87
	1989	Pres Rene Moawad of Lebanon (for c. 28 days), by a bomb
23	101	Pope St. Clement I (88-98), possibly martyred [or 102]
	955	King Edred of England (946-955), at c. 20
	1407	Louis, 35, Duke of Touraine and Count of Valois (1386–1392), Duke of Oreans (1392-1407), Count of Blois (1397–1407), Angoulême (1404–1407), Périgord, Dreux and Soissons., brother of King Charles VI of France, assassinated at Paris by order of the Duke of Burgundy
	1457	King Ladislaus V "the Posthumus" of Hungary and Bohemia (1440-1457), at 17.
	1616	Richard Hakluyt, 63-64, Historian of the voyages of the English
	1871	Mariano Melgarejo, c. 50, sometime Dictator of Bolivia (1865-1870), murdered
	1890	King William III of the Netherlands (1849-1890), 73, last male ruler of the Dutch
	1902	Walter Reed, 51, US Army bacteriologist
	1920	Sayyid Muhammad `Abd Allah al-Hasan, 66, the "Mad Mullah"/ nationalist leader of Somalia
	1974	Cornelius Ryan, war correspondent, historian ("A Bridge too Far"), at 54
	1976	Andre Malraux, resistance fighter, author ("The Conquerors"), at 75
24	1468	Jean de Dunois, 68 and one day, Bastard of Orleans, illegitimate son of Duke Louis d'Orléans, comrade to Joan of Arc
	1647	Taddeo Barberini, Prince of Palestrina, inept general, noted art collector, b. 1603.
	1922	Erskine Childers, 52, author ("The Riddle of the Sands"), naval aviator, Irish patriot, executed by the Irish Republic
	1929	Georges Clemenceau, Premier of France (1906-09, 1917-20), at 88
	1943	RAdm Henry Maston Mullinnix (51), Dorie Miller (24), & c. 600 shipmates, in Liscome Bay (CVE-56)
	1963	Lee Harvey Oswald, 24, former arine, assassin of JFK, shot by Jack Ruby
25	1120	Prince William, only legitimate son of Henry I of England, drowned at 17 in the Channel when his ship sinks
	1185	Pope Lucius III - Ubaldo Allucingoli (1181-1185), c. 85
	1885	King Alfonso XII of Spain (1874-85), at 27
	1957	Adm William Veazie Pratt (CNO, 1930-1933), b. 1869.
	1970	Yukio Mishima, 45, fasicistic author, harakiri
26	399	Pope St. Siricius (385-399)
	1504	Queen Isabella I of Castila and Aragon (1474-1504), Columbus’ friend, at 53
	1865	Spanish RAdm. Juan Manuel Pareja, 53, suicide, having lost a ship to the Chileans
	1926	John M Browning, 71, gunsmith
	1970	Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., the first black American general, at 93
27	8	Quintus Horatius Flaccus -- Horace, 53, soldier, poet, satirist
	511	Clovis, the first King of the Franks (481-511), c. 46
	602	Flavius Mauricius Tiberius Augustus -- Maurice, 63, soldier, author ("The Strategikon"), East Roman Emperor (582-602), beheaded at Chalcedon by the usurper Phocas
	1796	Empress Catherine II "the Great" of Russia (1762-1796), 67, in bed, alone, without a horse
	1868	Chief Black Kettle of the Cheyenne, c. 6, killed, Batle of the Washita
28	741	Pope Gregory III (731-741)
	1058	Duke Casimir I "the Restorer" of Poland (1034-58), 42
	1405	Astorgio I Manfredi, Lord of Faenza (1379-1404), condottiero, poet, beheaded
	1499	Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick, 24, beheaded by Henry VII as a potential rival to the throne
	1721	Louis Dominique Bourguignon, known as "Cartouche", 27-28. noted highwayman, broken on the wheel at Paris
	1794	Maj Gen Baron Friederich Wilhelm Ludorf Gerhard Augustin von Steuben, 64
	1870	Frédéric Bazille, 28, impressionist, friend to Monet & Renoir, volunteer, kia, Beaune-la-Rolande
	1899	Countess Virginia Oldoini de Castiglione, seducer of emperors & kings, in Paris at 62
	1962	Wilhelmina, retired Queen of the Netherlands (1890-1948), at 82
	1971	Wasfi al-Tal, 62, Jordanian prime minister (1962–1963, 1965–1967, 1970-1971), assassinated by Black September
29	1268	Pope Clement IV - Guy le Gros (1265-1268), c. 73
	1314	King Philippe IV "the Fair" of France (1285-1314)
	1378	Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
	1382	Philip Van Artevelde, Flemish patriot, kia, Battle of Roosebeke
	1530	Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, c. 60, Chief Minister to King Henry VIII
	1632	Elector Palatine Frederick of Bohemia(1610–23),, at 36, King Frederick I of Bohemia (1619–20) -- the "Winter King", 36
	1643	Claudio Monteverdi, 76, veteran of the Turkish Wars, composer
	1780	Empress-Queen Maria Teresa, at 63
30	1016	King Edmund II “Ironsides” of the Saxons (1016), at 27
	1526	Giovanni di Giovanni de' Medici - Giovanni dalle Bande Nere, 26, condottiero, of wounds received on the 25th
	1718	King Charles XII of Sweden (1697-1718), 36, d/w

Event

1	36	Major fire devastates part of Rome
	264	Triumph of Consul M. Fulvius Flaccus, for defeating the Volsinii
	630	Mohammed captures Mecca
	866	Battle of York: Danish raiders defeat the Yorkists
	1210	King John of England begins imprisoning Jews
	1592	Battle of Busan: Korean fleet defeats the Japanese
	1765	Stamp Act goes into effect in British colonies, which object
	1784	Maryland grants citizenship to Lafayette & his descendants
	1806	Fra Diavolo taken at Baronissi by French Col Sigisbert Hugo (Victor's father)
	1821	Greeks capture Missolonghi from the Turks
	1835	Texians begin siege of San Antonio (it falls Dec 4)
	1860	Neapolitan 3rd Div occupies defensive positions at Itri
	1861	Bvt LtGen Winfield Scott retires and George McClellan named General-in-Chief of the US Army
	1869	Red River Rebellion: Louis Riel seizes Fort Garry, Winnipeg
	1904	Army War College opens, with Capt. John J. Pershing in the first class
	1911	Flyiing an Etrich monoplane, Italian Lt. Garetti drops a hand-held bomb from 600 feet on the Tanguira Oasis, Libya, initiating a 20th century custom
	1914	Battle of Coronel: Von Spee's German cruisers annihilate a weaker British squadron
	1914	Paul von Hindenburg is named commander-in-chief of the Eastern Front
	1916	Ninth Battle of the Isonzo begins (to Nov 4)
	1918	Italian UDT sink Austrian BB Viribus Unitis, which is in Yugoslav hands
	1922	Ottoman Empire abolished
	1928	Graf Zeppelin sets an airship distance record, 6384 km
	1932	Wernher von Braun named head of German liquid-fuel rocket program
	1933	German Army creates its first panzer unit,
	1936	Mussolini coins the phrase "The Axis"
	1939	Maiden flight of the Heinkel He 178, the first jet
	1940	Fleetwood, Pa.: 1st US air raid shelter opens
	1940	The Netherlands: Nazis establish a 2400-0400 curfew
	1941	Japanese Navy changes call signs for all ships
	1942	Guadalcanal: Marines attack across the Matanikau River
	1943	Bougainville: 3rd Marine Div lands at Cape Torokina, Empress Augusta Bay
	1943	U-405 is rammed & sunk off the Azores by USS Borie (DD-215), which also sinks
	1943	USN raids Japanese installations at Buin and Buka.
	1948	Chinese PLA captures Mukden, Manchuria
	1950	Puerto Rican nationalists try to kill Pres Truman at Blair House
	1951	First atomic explosion with troops present, NM
	1952	First hydrogen device exploded, Eniwetok Atoll
	1954	Algeria begins rebellion against France
	1954	General Fulgencio Batista elected president of Cuba
	1955	Bomb destroys a UAL DC-6 above Longmont, Colorado, 44 die
	1956	The Imre Nagy government of Hungary withdraws from the Warsaw Pact
	1959	Nationalist Patrice Lumumba arrested in Belgian Congo
	1960	Benelux Treaty goes into effect
	1963	South Vietnam: Coup against the Ngo Dinhm Diem gov't
	1966	William Dana reaches 93 km altitude in the X-15
2	1355	Edward III's army lands at Calais
	1389	Piero Tomacelli elected Pope as Boniface IX (1389-1404)
	1519	Cortes meets Motecuhzoma in Tenochtitlan
	1642	Battle of Breitenfeld: Swedes defeat the Imperialists
	1648	12,000 Jews massacred by Marshal Chmielnicki’s order, Narol, Podolia
	1783	Washington’s “Farewell Address to the Army,” at Rocky Hill, near Princeton
	1789	French National Assembly confiscates Church property
	1835	Sam Houston is chosen C-in-C of the Texas Army
	1835	Second Seminole War begins
	1841	Akbar Khan ousts Shah Shuja in Afghanistan
	1852	Brig. Gen. Franklin Pierce elected President of US
	1880	Maj Gen James A Garfield elected President
	1914	“Battle of the Bees”: A British attempt to capture Tanga in German Tangynika from the sea beings; totally defeated by the 5th
	1914	Great Britain annexes Cyprus
	1916	Verdun: The French recapture Ft Vaux
	1917	Balfour Declaration: Britain supports a Jewish homeland in Palestine
	1917	First US troops kia in France
	1930	Ras Tafari crowned Emperor of Ethiopia as Haile Selassie
	1942	Aussie 25th Bde captures Kokoda, and its airfield, from the Japanese
	1942	British breakthrough at El Alamein
	1942	Guadalcanal: "Tokyo Express" lands c. 1500 troops at Tetere
	1943	Casa Nofi, Itri, has an unfortunate encounter with US fighter-bombers
	1943	Empress Augusta Bay: Ineffective Japanese air raids on U.S. ships
	1943	USN raids Japanese installations at Buin and Buka.
	1944	Army clears Japanese troops from the central valley on Leyte.
	1947	Howard Hughes’ “Spruce Goose” makes its only flight, c. 8 minutes
	1956	Israel captures Gaza & Sheham
	1962	JFK announces Soviets are dismantling their missile bases in Cuba
	1982	Fire in Salung tunnel, Afghanistan, over 1,000 Soviet troops die
3	0	Feast of St. Hubert, Patron of Hunters
	82	Sulla issues the first "Proscription List"
	1354	Battle of Modon/Sapienza: Venetian fleet defeats the Genovese off the Pelopnessos
	1394	Charles VI expels the Jews from France
	1755	Massachusetts offers bounties for Indian scalps: £30 for Warriors, £20 for women & boys
	1762	Spain acquires Louisiana from France (returns it in 1800)
	1783	The Continental Army is mustered out of service, Rocky Hill, NJ
	1812	Battle of Fiordoroivskoy: Russians defeat the French
	1813	Battle of Tallasahatchee: US troops & Tennessee militiamen under BrigGen John Coffee defeat Creek Red Stick warriors
	1839	First Opium War: British frigates engage several Chinese junks
	1853	USS Constitution seizes the slaver H.N. Gambrill
	1860	Neapolitan Royalists retire from the Garigliano towards Mola
	1863	Battle of Grand Coteau, Ga.
	1935	George II is restored to the Greek throne (1922-1924, deposed; 1935-1947)
	1942	Guadalcanal: Marines clear Japanese from Point Cruz.
	1944	Japanese begin releasing 9,000 incendiary balloon to drift to America.
	1957	USSR launches Sputnik 2 with the dog Laika, the first animal in orbit
	1970	Salvador Allende inaugurated as president of Chile
	1979	Teheran: Iranians storm the US embassy to take 63 hostages
	1984	Three days of anti-Sikh rioting begin in India, 3,000 die
	1988	Neo-Nazis break Geraldo Rivera's nose, on the air
4	0	Feast of St. Laurent, Parton of Armories
	644	Uthman becomes Caliph, having assassinated his predecessor
	1354	Naval Battle of Soplegno: Geonese defeat the VenetiansS
	1576	Spanish capture Antwerp from the Dutch
	1619	Frederik V crowned king of Bohemia
	1677	William of Orange marries Mary Stuart (William & Mary of England)
	1760	Battle of Torgau: Frederick the Great defeats the Austrians
	1791	Battle of Kekionga: Little Turtle's Miamis almost annihilate the U.S. Army, c. 600 die
	1794	Suvarov defeats the Poles amid great slaughter, to capture Warsaw
	1840	British, Turkish, Austrian fleets capture Acre, Palestine, from the Egyptians
	1860	Skirmish at Mola: Piedmontese-Italians drive Neapolitan Royalists back on Gaeta
	1861	Skirmish at Port Royal, SC
	1862	Richard J. Gatling receives a patent for a clever device
	1864	Naval Engagement at Reynoldsburg Island
	1866	Kingdom of Italy annexes Venetia
	1903	US Naval Academy defeats New York Naval Militia in football, 28-0
	1915	Third Battle of the Isonzo ends (from Oct 18)
	1916	Ninth Battle of the Isonzo ends (from Nov 1)
	1918	Austria-Hungary concludes an armistice with Italy.
	1918	Kiel, Germany, falls into the in hands of revolutionary sailors
	1939	Neutrality Act of 1939 is passed, to allow “cash-and-carry” arms sales to belligerents
	1940	The Netherlands: Nazis begin rationing eggs & cake
	1942	Australian 16th Brigade begins an attack on Oivi, on the Kokoda Trail.
	1944	Japanese air attacks on Saipan and Tinian.
	1950	US troops retreat from Pyongyang, North Korea
	1956	Israel captures Straits of Tiran and reach Suez Canal
	1956	Russian troops attack Budapest, to suppres the Hungarian Revolution
	1958	Former Sergeant of Infantry Angelo Roncalli consecrated as Pope John XXIII (1958-1963)
	1966	Arno floods Florence, 113 die, countless treasures destroyed
	2008	Barack Obama elected president
5	1556	Battle of Panipat: The Moghuls defeat the Lodi
	1605	Gunpowder Plot: Catholics try to blow up Parliament
	1688	King William III invades England, initiating the "Glorious Revolution"
	1757	Seven Years' War: Frederick the Great's victory at Rossbach
	1775	Commo Esek Hopkins named C-in-C of the Continental Navy.
	1800	Britain’s privy council drops “King of France” from the royal titles, claimed since 1368
	1808	Battle of Valmaceda: Spanish defeat the French
	1811	El Salvador rises against Spain
	1838	Honduras declares independence from the Central American Federation
	1854	The Battle of Inkerman: British & French troops win a “Soldiers’ Battle” against the Russians
	1860	Piedmontese-Italian forces occupy Itri
	1862	Ambrose Burnside replaces McClellan as head of Army of the Potomac
	1911	Italy declares war on Turkey
	1913	Ludwig III crowned king of Bavaria
	1914	Britain, France, & Russia declare war on Turkey
	1914	Indian 6th Div lands at Basra, securing the oil fields
	1915	First US shipboard catapult launch: LT CDR Henry Mustin, off North Carolina (ACR-12) in a Curtiss AB-ZF
	1916	Germany and Austria-Hungary proclaim an "independent" Kingdom of Poland
	1917	German submarine torpedoes USS Alcedo off France
	1917	Maj. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr, leads the first American patrol into “No Man’s Land”
	1942	Madagascar: Vichy French surrender to the British at Fort Dauphin
	1943	Massive U.S. air raids on Rabaul damage six cruisers and several DDs.
	1944	B-29s from China bomb Singapore.
	1952	French Mystere 4 flies 1,100 kph
	1956	Suez Crisis: British and French troops begin landings in Egypt
6	0	Memorial of St. Leonard of Noblac, Patron of Prisoners-of-War
	63	Catiline & his henchmen meet to plot against the Republic
	1282	Battle of Menai Straits: Pr. Llewellyn of Gwynedd defeats Luc de Tany
	1362	Guillaume de Grimoard consecrated Pope as Urban V (1362-1370), later beatified
	1632	Battle of Lutzen: Swedes defeat the Imperialists
	1792	The Battle of Jemappes: The French defeat the Austrians, to overrun Belgium
	1813	Congress of Chilpancingo declares Mexico independent of Spain
	1844	Spain grants Dominican Rep independence
	1860	Former militiaman and volunteer Abrham Lincoln elected President
	1861	Jefferson Davis elected to a six year term as Confederate President
	1863	Battle of Rogersville, Tn.
	1864	Battle of Cane Hill, Ak.
	1864	Battle of Droop Mountain, WVa. (Averell's Raid)
	1917	Bolshevik Revolution: The Storming of the Winter Palace
	1943	Soviet forces recapture Kiev from the Germans
	1945	First jet carrier landing: Ryan FR "Fireball" on USS Wake Island
	1978	The Shah places Iran under military rule
7	63	“O Tempora, O Mores!” - Cicero denounces Catiline in the Senate
	1307	William Tell reputedly does his thing [Old Style]
	1500	Cesare Borgia captures Brighella
	1559	Peace of the Pyrennes between France & Spain; Italian Wars (1494-1559) finally end
	1637	Anne Hutchinson is banished from Massachusetts for heresy
	1793	French Revolution abolishes Christianity in favor of "Reason," initiating intellectual mass slaughter
	1811	Battle of Tippecanoe: William Henry Harrison defeats Tecumseh
	1861	Battle of Port Royal Bay/Ft Walker/Ft Beauregard, SC
	1861	Grant's First Battle: Belmont, Mo.
	1863	Battle of Rappahannock Station & Kelly's Ford, Va.
	1865	CSS Shenandoah surrenders to British authorities at Liverpool, seven months after Appomattox
	1872	Ship Marie Celeste sails from New York, bound for mystery
	1914	Japan attacks German concession at Tsing-tao, China
	1917	Battle of Beersheba: British take Gaza from the Turks, on the third try
	1918	United Press erroneously reports an armistice has been signed
	1931	Mao Tse-Tung proclaims the Chinese People's Republic
	1936	Spanish Civil War: Battle for Madrid begins
	1942	FDR broadcasts to the French; first presidential address in a foreign language
	1944	Chinese New 22nd Div takes Shwego in northern Burma.
	1954	US spy plane shot down by Russians over Sea of Japan
	1973	The War Powers Act becomes law
	1983	Bomb explodes in US Capitol, causing heavy damage but no injuries
	2009	The USS New York (LPD-21) is commissioned in New York City, commemorating the casualties of 9/11
8	392	Emperor Theodosius bans pagan worship and ends the Olympic Games
	641	The Arabs capture Alexandria
	1443	Battle of Monteluro: Muzio Attendolo Sforza defeats the League of the Porta Giovia
	1519	Hernan Cortez enters Tenochtitlan and meets Motecuhzoma
	1620	Battle of White Mountain: Bohemians defeated by the Imperialists
	1789	Elijah Craig brews something interesting, Bourbon County, Ky
	1805	Battle of Maria Zell: French defeat the Austrians
	1805	The Lewis & Clark Expedition reaches the Pacific Ocean
	1861	Battle of Mount Ivy, Ky
	1861	Capt Charles Wilkes removes Confederate agents from British steamer Trent
	1923	Hitler’s “Munich Beer Hall Putsch"
	1924	Austria chancellor Ignaz Seipel, resigns after an assassination attempt
	1939	Hitler escapes assassination at the Burgerbraukeller, Munich
	1940	The RAF bombs Munich
	1942	Hitler proclaims the fall of Stalingrad, somewhat permaturely
	1942	Operation Torch: U.S. and British forces land in northwestern Africa
	1944	Hungary "lends" 25,000 Jews to the Germans for forced labor
	1950	Lt. Russell J. Brown's F-86 scores a North Korean MiG-15 in history’s first jet-on-jet combat
	1956	The UN demands the USSR leave Hungary, and is ignored
	1990	President GHW Bush orders 100,000 additional US troops to the Persian Gulf
9	63	Catiline flees Rome
	1492	Peace of Etaples between Henry VII of England and Charles VIII of France
	1519	Cortez takes Motecuhzoma prisoner at Tenochtitlan
	1526	Maria of Hapsburg expels the Jews from Pressburg
	1729	Treaty of Seville: Spain makes peace with England & France
	1799	"Coup de 18 de Brumaire" - Bonaparte seizes power
	1813	Battle of Taladega: Tennessee militiamen under Andrew Jackson defeat Creek Red Stick warriors
	1835	Battle of Lipantitlan: Texians defeat the Mexicans
	1860	Piedmontese Army invests Gaeta, held by the Neapolitan Royalists
	1861	Action at Gauley Bridge, WVa
	1861	Combat at Piketown/Fry Mountain, Ky
	1872	Great Fire of Boston; 13 die, over 776 buildings burn, for dasmages of $75 million
	1895	The liner Etruria docks in NY, and Winston Churchill begins his first visit to the US
	1914	HMAS Sydney destroys the German raiding cruiser Emden in the Cocos Is.
	1917	Battle of Caporetto [12th Isonzo] ends (from Oct 24)
	1918	Bavarian radicals proclaim a socialist republic
	1918	Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates after German defeat in WW I
	1921	Mussolini forms the Partito Nazionalista Fascista
	1921	The Unknown Soldier arrives at Washington aboard USS Olympia
	1925	Hitler forms the SS within the Brown Shirts
	1937	The Japanese capture Shanghai
	1938	Crystal Night: Nazis begin two nights of anti-Semitic rioting
	1938	The First Sadie Hawkins Day [now observed on the Saturday nearest the 9th]
	1939	Germans illegally capture two British officers at Venlo. the Netherlands
	1944	Red Cross wins Nobel peace prize
	1961	USAF Major Robert White takes X-15 to 30,970 m
	1984	"Three Servicemen" Statue added to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial
	1989	The Berlin Wall comes down
10	846	Battle of Itri: Marching south on the Appia, Lothair I's Frankish army is ambushed by Moslem raiders under Musa
	911	Conrad I elected King of the Germans
	1444	Battle of Varna: The Ottomans defeat the Poles & Hungarians
	1500	Cesare Borgia lays siege to Faenza (Falls, Apr 26, 1501)
	1567	Battle of St. Denis: French Catholics defeat French Protestants
	1674	The Dutch cede New Netherlands to England, for the second - and final - time
	1775	Congress establsihes a Marine Corps
	1782	Chillicote, Ohio, George Rodgers Clark defeats Indians and Tories; the final battle of the Revolutionary War.
	1801	Kentucky outlaws dueling
	1808	Battle of Espinosa: The French defeat the Spanish
	1808	US-Osage Treaty signed
	1814	Congress enacts a draft; War of 1812 ends before it is implemented
	1836	Louis Napoleon banished to America
	1861	Skirmish at Guyandott, WVa
	1864	Austrian Archduke Maximilian becomes Emperor of Mexico (shot in 1867)
	1864	Kingston, Ga, burns during Sherman's March to Sea
	1871	Stanley presumes to meet Livingston in Ujiji, Central Africa
	1898	Racist “coup” overthrows elected government in Wilmington, NC; scores die
	1915	Fourth Battle of the Isonzo begins (to Dec 2)
	1918	German Emperor Wilhelm II flees to the Netherlands
	1928	Hirohito enthroned as Emperor of Japan
	1937	Brazilian dictator Gaetulio Vargas proclaims a fascistic "Estado novo"
	1942	French North African forces cease resisting the Allies
	1943	Fifth Air Force makes a major attack on Rabaul.
	1944	China: Japanese capture the U.S. air bases at Kweilin and Liuchow
	1945	General Enver Hoxha becomes Communist leader of Albania
	1945	Nazi concentration camp at Buchenwald liberated by US
	1954	Lt Col John Strapp attains 632 MPH on a rocket sled
	1954	USMC [“Iwo Jima”] Memorial dedicated in Arlington
11	0	Feast of St Martin of Tours, Patron of Soldiers
	0	Armistice Day / Veterans’ Day / Remembrance Day
	1236	Emperor Frederick II razes Vicenza
	1285	Alfonso III ascends the throne of Aragon (1285-1291)
	1417	Oddone Colonna elected Pope as Martin V (1417-1431)
	1500	Louis XII of France and Ferdinand of Spain secretly agree to divide Naples
	1606	Peace of Zsitva-Torok: Ends Turko-HRE War of 1593-1606
	1630	The “Day of Dupes”: Coup by Cardinal Richelieu puts Louis XIII & France in his power
	1673	Battle of Choczim: Poles defeat the Turks
	1778	Cherry Valley Massacre: Pro-British Iroquois slay 40 Americans
	1839	Virginia Military Institute opens
	1861	Skirmish at Little Blue, Mo
	1864	Sherman's March: Burning of Rome, Georgia
	1864	Skirmish at Shoal Creek, Al
	1865	Surgeon Mary Edward Walker is awarded the Medal of Honor, for some reason
	1909	USN begins construction of a base at Pearl Harbor
	1918	The Armistice ending modern German’s first bid for world domination.
	1920	Navy Nurse Lenah S. Higbee awarded the Navy Cross for service in the influenza pandemic
	1920	The “Unknown Warrior” is interred in Westminster Abbey & the “Soldat Inconnu” beneath the Arc de Triomphe
	1921	The Unknown Soldier is laid to rest at Arlington National Cemetery
	1923	Eternal flame lit at the Tomb of the “Soldat Inconnu” at the Arc de Triomphe
	1940	Noctunral British air attack inflicts grave damage on the Italian fleet at Taranto
	1940	Raider Atlantis captures the liner Automedon, with Singapore defense plans, which Hitler sends to Japan
	1940	Thousands of French students silently lay wreaths at the Tomb of the “Soldat Inconnu” to protest the German occupation
	1942	German troops occupy Vichy France
	1942	Japanese aircraft raid Henderson Field.
	1943	41 Japanese a/c from Rabaul attack U.S. carriers, only 8 return to base.
	1944	Japan commissions carrier Shinano
	1961	Congolese rebels murder 13 Italian airmen in UN service
	1961	Stalingrad is renamed Volgagrad
	1983	US cruise missiles arrive in Great Britain
12	764	Tibetan troops begin a 15 day occupation of Chang'an, the T’ang Chinese capital
	1642	Battle of Brentford: Lord Forth & Prince Rupert defeat Col Holles’ Parliamentarians
	1796	First Battle of Caldiero: Bonaparte defeats the Austrians
	1847	Battle of Geltwil: Swiss federal army defeats the Sonderbund
	1860	Piedmontese troops skirmish with Neapolitans before Gaeta
	1861	Skirmish at Occoquan Creek, Va
	1899	Anti-Jewish rioting in Tunis
	1921	Washington Conference for Limitation of Armaments convenes
	1927	Leon Trotsky is expelled from the CP-USSR, leaving Stalin in control of Russia
	1933	Nazis receive 92% of the vote in Germany
	1938	Hermann Göring proposes a Jewish homeland in Madagascar
	1939	Nazis order the Jews of Lodz to wear yellow armbands
	1941	Battle of Moscow: the Red Army holds the Germans
	1942	Guadalcanal: Japanese aircraft raid Henderson field.
	1942	New Guinea: Australians take Gorari, on the Kokoda Trail
	1944	RAF sinks the German BB Tirpitz, in a Norwegian fjord.
	1945	Cordell Hull receives the Nobel Peace Prize for creating the UN
	1954	The Ellis Is Immigration Station closes, after welcoming some 12,000,000 new Americans
	1960	Unsuccessful coup against South Vietnam strongman Ngo Dinh Diem
	1982	Yuri V. Andropov elected general secretary of the CPUSSR
	2001	The Taliban abandons Kabul, as Northern Alliance forces approach
13	36	Ovation for Octavian for the defeat of Sextus Pompeius in Sicily by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (who only got the corona rostrata)
	1002	St. Brice's Day Massacre: King Ethelred II initiates the slaughter of all Danes in England
	1093	Battle of Alnwick: Earl Robert of Northumbria defeats King Malcolm III of Scotland
	1239	Battle of Gaza: Ayyubids defeat the Crusaders
	1474	Swiss defeat Charles the Bold at Hericourt, near Belfort
	1775	American Maj Gen Richard Montgomery captures Montreal
	1776	John Paul Jones captures British transport Mellish
	1830	Publication of Oliver Wendell Holmes’ poem "Old Ironsides"
	1862	Battle of Holly Spring, Ms
	1918	German veterans form the ultra-nationalist Stahlhelm
	1935	Anti-British riots in Egypt
	1942	Minimum US draft age reduced from 21 to 18
	1942	Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Day 1: Nocturnal naval clash
	1943	B-24s from Funafuti and Canton bomb Tarawa and Makin, in the Gilberts.
	1944	TF 38 begins two days of air raids on Japanese on Luzon
	1970	Lt Gen Hafez al-Assad becomes PM of Syria in a coup, dies 2000.
	1982	Vietnam War Memorial dedicated
	1995	Islamist terrorists bomb the US Office of Program Management for Saudi Arabian National Guard Modernization in Riyadh, 7 die
14	0	Annual parade of the Equites at Rome
	565	Justin II becomes Byzantine Emperor
	1380	King Charles VI of France crowned at age 12
	1683	Battle of Kalenberg: Poles & Imperialists defeat the Turks
	1812	Second Battle of Polotsk: French defeat the Russians
	1863	Bedford Forrest is assigned command of West Tennessee
	1863	Skirmish at Danville, Mississippi
	1906	TR lands in Panama; the first visit by a sitting president to a foreign country
	1910	First airplane takeoff from a ship: Eugene Ely in a Curtiss Flyer, off USS Birmingham (CL-2)
	1919	Red Army captures Omsk, Siberia, from the Whites
	1935	Nazis deprive German Jews of their citizenship
	1935	The Philippine Commonwealth is established
	1938	Pres. Roosevelt initiates a major expansion of the Army, including the Air Corps
	1940	Luftwaffe "coventryizes" Coventry
	1942	Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Day 2: intense air and naval action
	1944	Chinese New 22nd Div takes Mantha, in northern Burma
	1956	Hungarian Revolution finally crushed by overwhelming Soviet forces
	1968	"Turn in Your Draft Card Day"
	1975	Spain abandons Spanish Sahara
15	1202	The Fourth Crusaders take Zara
	1283	Ghibellines defeat the Guelfs in faction-fighting at Treviso
	1325	Battle of Zappollino: The Modenese defeat the Bolognese
	1533	Francisco Pizarro arrives at Cuzco
	1763	Surveying of the Mason-Dixon Line is completed
	1793	Battle of Wattignies, Day 1: French v. Austrians
	1796	Battle of Arcola, Day 1: Bonaparte's French v. Austrians
	1805	The Lewis and Clark expedition reaches the Pacific Ocean
	1855	Inkerman, Sebastopol: large store of ammuniton explodes with great loss of life among British & French troops
	1864	Sherman burns what the Confederates have left of Atlanta
	1884	Congress of Berlin carves up Africa among European powers
	1889	Emperor Dom Pedro II is deposed as the Republic of Brazil is proclaimed
	1899	Winston Churchill is captured by the Boers
	1914	Benito Mussolini founds "Il popolo d'Italia", a pro-war newspaper
	1920	League of Nations establishes the Free City of Danzig
	1938	Farewell Parade of International Brigades in Barcelona
	1940	Uncle Sam’s first 75,000 drafted nephews report for duty
	1942	Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Day 3: noctural surface action by BB Washington secures command of the seas
	1943	US bombers from China attack harbor installations in Hong Kong.
	1957	US sentences Soviet spy Rudolf Ivanovich Abel to 30 years
	1967	Michael Adams in X-15 reaches 80 km
	1969	Washington: 250,000 demonstrate against the Vietnam War
	1983	Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus proclaimed
16	1532	Pizarro seizes the Inca Atahualpa after victory at Cajamarca
	1621	Catholics adopt Jan 1 as New Year's, most Protestants don't, confusing chronology
	1632	Battle of Lutzen: Gustavus Adolfus's Swedes defeat Wallenstein's Imperials
	1776	At St. Eustatius, a Dutch fort salutes the US Grand Union flag, worn by USS Andrew Doria
	1776	British capture Fort Washington, Manhattan, with c. 2000 prisoners
	1778	John Paul Jones writes, "I wish to go in harm's way."
	1793	Battle of Wattignies, Day 2: French defeat the Austrians
	1796	Battle of Arcola, Day 2: Bonaparte's French v. Austrians
	1805	Battle of Hollabrunn: French defeat the Russians
	1856	USN helps RN reduce the Barrier Forts at Canton, China (to Nov 20)
	1863	Battle of Campbell's Station, TN
	1894	Kurdistan: Turks massacre 6,000 Armenians
	1914	Pope Benedict XV calls for an end to WW I, is lambasted by all sides
	1918	Hungary secedes from the Hapsburg Empire
	1920	Anti-Semitic rioting in Prague culminates in the sacking of the Jewish Rathhuas and the desecration of Torahs
	1933	US and USSR establish diplomatic relations
	1939	German U-boat torpedoes tanker Sliedrecht near Ireland
	1941	US intelligence loses track of Japanese aircraft carriers
	1943	Truk: U.S. SS Corvina sunk by Japanese submarine I-179
	1947	Brussels: 1,500 protest mild sentences given Nazi war criminals
	1950	King Faruk demands departure of all British troops from Egypt
	1982	Maiden voyage of the Space Shuttle Columbia
	1989	Salvadorian troops kill 6 Jesuit priests
17	89	Social War: Gn Pompey Strabo captures Asculum from the Italiots
	375	Gratian suceeds his father Valentian I as Roman Emperor (375-383)
	1278	England: 680 Jews arrested for "counterfeiting", 293 hanged
	1494	Charles VIII of France occupies Florence
	1558	Elizabeth I ascends English throne upon death of "Bloody" Mary
	1747	Anti-impressment riot in Boston
	1796	Battle of Arcola, Day 3: Bonaparte defeats the Austrians
	1812	Battle of Krasnoe: French defeat the Russians
	1861	Skirmish at Cyprus Bridge, Ky
	1863	James Longstreet besieges Knoxville, TN (gives up Dec 4)
	1869	Suez Canal opens
	1878	Anarchist Giovanni Passannante stabs King Umberto I of Italy, who fights back with his saber, wounding his attacker
	1885	Battle of the Slivnitza begins: the Bulgarians defeat the Serbs by Nov 19
	1913	Panama Canal opens
	1917	First US ASW Victory: DDs Fanning and Nicholson sink U-58, in the Irish Sea
	1917	Lenin announces "temporary" removal of freedom of the press
	1938	Italy passes anti-Semitic laws
	1988	Pakistan's Benazir Bhutto becomes PM - first woman to lead a modern Muslim state
	1997	Islamist radicals kill 62 tourists at the Temple of Hatshepsut in Egypt
18	1495	French-held Gaeta (besieged on Sep 8) falls to Ferrantino II of Naples
	1523	Giulio de’Medici elected Pope as Clement VII (1523-1534)
	1755	The Great Cape Ann Earthquake, New England
	1803	Battle of Vertieres: Haitians defeat the French
	1861	Skirmish at Palmyra, Mo
	1890	Second Class Battleship/Armored Cruiser Maine is launched
	1903	Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty gives US exclusive canal rights in Panama
	1905	Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King Haakon VII of Norway (1905-1957)
	1912	Albania declares independence from Turkey
	1914	Russian Black Sea Fleet defeats a Turko-German squadron off Cape Sarych
	1936	Germany & Italy recognized Franco government in Spain
	1941	British troops open attack on Tobruk
	1941	Last Italian forces in Ethiopia surrender to the British
	1942	Madison Sullivan(23), drowned off Guadalcanal [posisbly the 19th]
	1943	Philippines: Japanese DE Sanae is sunk by SS Bluefish
	1944	British CVs raid oil facilities, bases, and ports in Sumatra
	1961	JFK sends 18,000 military advisors to South Vietnam
	1968	Military coup in Mali
19	0	Artillery Day in Russia
	461	Consecration of Pope St. Hilary I (461-468)
	1492	Columbus lands in Puerto Rico
	1521	Prospero Colonna captures Milan from the French by a coup de main
	1809	Battle of Ocaña: The French defeat the Spanish
	1861	Skirmish at Wirt Court House, Va
	1863	Lincoln makes a little speech at Gettysburg
	1940	Belgian King Leopold III visits Adolf Hitler
	1942	Operation Saturn: Red Army counteroffensive at Stalingrad begins
	1944	New Guinea: U.S. troops land on Asia Island
	1950	Eisenhower becomes supreme commander of NATO
	1952	North American F-86 Sabre sets world aircraft speed record, 1124 kph
	1969	Apollo 12, Charles Conrad & Alan Bean make the second lunar landing
	1999	USCG Capt Earl R. Fox, Public Health Service, retires; last WW II veteran on active service
20	63	St. Paul is shipwrecked at Malta [By some calculations]
	284	Diocletian becomes Roman Emperor (284-305), d. 313
	869	Battle of Thetford/Hoxne: Danes defeat King Edmund of East Anglia
	1256	The Mongols under Hulugu Khan capture Maymum-Dis, cave fortress of the Assassins
	1272	Edward I proclaimed King of England
	1347	Battle of the Porta San Lorenzo: Cola di Rienzo’s Roman Republic defeats a coup by the Roman barons
	1426	Brescia surrenders to the Venetians under Carmagnola
	1571	Battle of Crabstane: Clan Gordon defeats Clan Forbes
	1617	Indecisive Spanish-Venetian naval clash off Puglia
	1780	Britain declares war on Holland, which is supporting the rebellious Americans
	1805	Premiere of Beethoven's opera "Fidelio" in Vienna, with Napoleon sitting in the Hapsburg imperial box
	1829	The Jews are expelled from Nikolayev & Sevastopol, Russia
	1856	USN & RN complete reduction of Barrier Forts, Canton (begun Nov 16)
	1862	Confederate Army of Tennessee formed under Gen Braxton Bragg
	1866	First national convention of the Grand Army of the Republic
	1910	Francisco Madero initates a Revolution in Mexico
	1917	The first tank offensive: Cambrai - British tanks shatter the German lines on the Western Front.
	1920	Nobel Peace Prize awarded to Woodrow Wilson
	1942	British Eighth Army recaptures Banghazi, Lybia
	1943	Operation Galvanic: the 2nd Mar Div lands on Betio, Tarawa, while 27th Inf Div lands on Makin
	1945	General of the Army George C. Mashall steps down, after 2272 days as Chief-of-Staff
	1945	Nuremberg: 24 Nazi leaders go on trial
	1953	Scott Crossfield breaks Mach 2 in a Douglas Skyrocket
	1956	USS Hartford, Farragut's Civil War flagship, sinks at her dockside, Norfolk, Va, the Navy being too cheap to preserve her
	1962	US lifts naval quarantine of Cuba
21	235	Accession of Pope St. Anterus (21 Nov 235-3 Jan 236)
	1338	Robin Hood is enrolled as an archer in the Isle of Wight garrison.
	1521	Battle of Bicocca: Prospero Colonna's Italo-Spanish army crushes the French & Swiss
	1818	Tsar Alexander I proposes a Jewish state in Palestine
	1914	Battle of the Kolubara begins: Serbs defeat the second Austrian invasion by Dec 15th, routing two armies
	1918	German ammunition trains explode in Hamont, Belgium, 1,750 die
	1918	The German High Seas Fleet is interned at Scapa Flo, Scotland
	1920	Mussolini's Blackshirts kill 11 political opponents in Bologna
	1942	ALCAN Highway official opened
	1943	Operation Galvanic: Marines in heavy fighting on Tarawa, National Guardsmen advance on Makin, while Marines land on Abemama, 75 mi SE of Tarawa.
	1981	Amsterdam: 400,000 demonstrate for Peace through Disarmament
22	498	Election of Pope St Symmachus (498-514)
	845	Battle of Ballon: Duke Nomenoe of Brittany defeats the French
	1221	Pope Honorius III crowns Frederik II Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperor
	1497	Vasco da Gama (28)leaves Lisbon with four ships, bound for India
	1629	Imperial troops capture Goito from Venice
	1798	The Neapolitan Army invades the French puppet "Roman Republic"
	1844	The Royal Navy adopts "port" in lieu of "larboard"; the USN will wait 50 years to make the same change
	1906	Enlisted men of USS Louisiana (BB-19) host "Comrade and Shipmate” Theodore Roosevelt
	1914	Ypres burns under German bombardment
	1940	First meeting between Adolf Hitler and Romanian Dictator Ion Antonescu
	1943	FDR, Churchill, & Chiang meet to discuss ways to defeat Japan
	1943	Operation Galvanic: on Makin, 27th Div advances slowly, while on Tarawa, the Marines defeat a nocturnal Japanese "Banzai" charge
	1990	Pres. George H. W. Bush visits US troops in Saudi Arabia
23	625	Nabopolassar becomes King of Babylon (625-605 BC)
	1248	King Ferdinand III of Castilla-Leon liberates Seville from the Moors
	1459	Battle of Blore Heath: The Yorkists defeat the Lancastrians
	1700	Giovanni Grancesco Albani elected Pope as Clement XI (1700-1721)
	1783	Congenial conversation between Benjamin Franklin and Giacomo Casanova in Paris
	1808	Battle of Tuleda: French defeat the Spanish
	1832	Belgian War for Independence: French capture Antwerp from the Dutch
	1861	Combat at Ft Pickens, Fla
	1863	Battle of Chattanooga & Orchard Knob, TN begins
	1915	Battle of Ctesiphon: Turks defeat the British 6th Indian Div, after a two day fight
	1939	Nazis compel Polish Jews to wear a yellow star
	1942	Formation of the Coast Guard Women's Auxiliary (SPARS) is authorized
	1942	Japanese bomb Port Darwin, Australia
	1942	SS Ben Lomond is torpedoed in the S Atlantic; Poon Lim (1917-1991) begins 133 days adrift
	1943	Operation Galvanic: US forces secure Tarawa & Makin
	1944	Gen Patch’s Seventh Army captures Strassbourg
	1945	Meat & butter rationing ends in US
	1946	French Navy shells Haiphong, Vietnam, 6,000 die
	1983	USSR leaves disarmament talks
	1985	Egyptian commandos storm hijacked EgyptAir jet in Malta, 58 die
24	496	Election of Pope Anastasius II (496-498)
	642	Consecration of Pope Theodore I (642-649)
	1542	Battle of Solway Moss: Sir Oliver Sinclair & Lord Wharton defeat King James V of Scotland
	1615	King Louis XIII of France (14) marries Ann of Austria (14)
	1861	Skirmish at Lancaster, Mo
	1863	Battles of Chattanooga, Columbia, & Lookout Mt begin in Tennessee
	1870	Agustin Morales ousts Mariano Melgarejo as dictator of Bolivia
	1871	National Rifle Association organized in New York City
	1874	Joseph F Glidden receives a patent for barbed wire
	1914	Benito Mussolini leaves Italy's Socialist Party
	1918	Bela Khun forms Hungarian Communist Party
	1922	Italian parliament gives Mussolini dictatorial powers "for one year"
	1936	Polliwog-in-Chief FDR becomes a Shellback, USS Indianapolis, 00º 00' N, 37º 00' W
	1937	Chinese announce sinking of the Japanese battleship Nagato by air attack
	1941	CNO warns fleet "surprise aggressive movement" by Japan imminent
	1943	Operation Galvanic: CVE Lipscombe Bay sunk by submarine off Makin, hundreds die
	1944	First B-29 raid from Saipan; 111 bombers hit Tokyo.
	1954	France sends 20,000 soldiers to Algeria
	1965	Gen. Joseph Mobutu seizes power in the Congo
	1977	The tomb of Philip II of Macedon is discovered near Vergine, Macedonia
	1991	US 75th manned space mission, Atlantis 10
25	1177	Battle of Montgisard: King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem & 200 knights defeat Saladin
	1185	Uberto Crivelli is elected Pope as Urban III (1185-1187)
	1277	Giovanni Gaetani Orsini is elected Pope as Nicholas III (1277-1280), ending a six month vacany
	1357	Charles IV issues letter of protection to the Jews of Strasbourg
	1405	Padua surrenders to the Venetians after a long siege
	1643	Battle of Tuttlingen: Imperialists defeat the French
	1758	The British capture Fort Duquesne from the French
	1760	King George III ascends the throne
	1775	Congress begins issuing Letters of Marque and Reprisal
	1783	Evacuation Day: the British leave New York, their last base in the US, and Governor George Clinton of New York honors George Washington with a banquet at Fraunces’ Tavern, where thirteen toasts were offered, beginning with “The United States of America”
	1790	The Veteran Corps of Artillery of the State of New York is organized at the City Arms Tavern, Broadway & Thames St
	1809	Perleberg, Ger: diplomat Benjamin Bathurst vanishes, most likely snatched by Napoleon’s agents, but fueling numerous woo-woo theories
	1811	Napoleon imprisons the Roman Marchese Giovanni Patrizi for refusing to send his sons, aged 12 and 9, to a military academy
	1863	Battle of Missionary Ridge, Tennessee
	1864	Confederate plot to burn NYC fails
	1865	Guano War: Chilean Navy captures the Spanish sloop Covadonga
	1867	Alfred Nobel invents dynamite
	1876	Battle of Crazy Woman Fork/Dull Knife: the Army disperses a Sioux-Cheyenne encampment
	1922	Crown Prince Hirohito, 22, appointed Prince-Regent of Japan
	1936	Germany & Japan sign anti-Comintern pact
	1943	Battle of Cape St. George: 5 U.S. DDs sink 3 Japanese DDs
	1944	Kamikaze damage four US carriers off the Philippines
	1961	USS Enterprise is commissioned, the first nuclear powered carrier
	1983	Syria & Saudi Arabia announce cease-fire in PLO civil war in Lebanon
	2348	The Flood begins [Alt]
26	579	Consecration of Pope Pelagius II (579-590)
	624	“Battle of the Bridge”: The Persians annihilate a Moslem Arab army on the Euphrates.
	1648	Peace of Westphalia
	1703	Royal Navy loses 15 warships in massive storm off Bristol, England
	1741	French General Maurice de Saxe captures Prague from the Hapsburgs
	1835	The Grass Fight: Texians defeat Mexicans outside San Antonio
	1861	Skirmish at Little Blue, Mo
	1862	Lincoln meets ". . . the little lady who started this big war," Harriet Beecher Stowe
	1863	Geo. Meade initiaties the abortive Mine Run Campaign, VA (ends Dec 2)
	1914	Battleship HMS Bulwark explodes at Sheerness, 788 die
	1922	First US carrier landing, Langley.
	1940	Nazis force 500,000 Warsaw Jews to live in walled ghetto
	1941	Japanese First Air Fleet sorties from Tankan Bay, bound for Pearl Harbor
	1942	"Casablanca" premiers at the Hollywood Theatre, NYC
	1943	SS Rohna sunk by guided missile in the Med; over 1000 die, mostly US troops
	1944	Himmler orders destruction of Auschwitz & Birkenau crematoria
	1990	Mikhail Gorbachev tells Iraq to get out of Kuwait
	2008	Islamist Attack on Mumbai: Terrorists seize several buildings, before all the jihadis are killed or arrested c. 180 citizens and security personnel die
27	43	Reni Conference: Octavian, Lepidus, & Antony form the Second Triumvirate, to plunder the state
	602	Phocas proclaims himself Roman Emperor (602-610)
	1095	Council of Clermont: Pope Urban II calls for a Crusade
	1237	Battle of Cortenuova: Emperor Frederik II defeats the Lombard League
	1382	Battle of Roosbecke: The French defeat the Flemings
	1499	Cesare Borgia captures Imola, save for the citadel, which he besieges
	1676	Great Fire of Boston, 46 houses burn
	1789	President George Washington proclaims the last Thursday in November a day of prayer and thanksgiving
	1798	Neapolitan Army occupies Rome, as the French fall back
	1820	Palermo: Royalist troops crush a Nationalist uprising
	1838	The Pastry War: French troops occupy Vera Cruz to collect alleged damages
	1863	Battle of Payne's Farm, VA
	1868	Battle of the Washita: Custer defeats the Cheyenne
	1895	Alfred Nobel establishes his prizes
	1901	Army War College established in Washington
	1919	Peace of Neuilly-sur-Seine: Allies & Bulgaria
	1926	Army & Navy play to a 21 tie before 110,000 fans
	1941	HMAS Parramatta is sunk off Tobruk by U-559
	1941	Joint Army-Navy signal to Hawaii ends with, "This dispatch is to be considered a war warning."
	1942	French Fleet scuttled at Toulon to prevent Nazis capturing the ships
	1943	Teheran Conference: Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin talk strategy
	1944	B-29s from India hit Bangkok.
	1944	B-29s from the Marianas hit Tokyo
	1945	George C Marshall named special US envoy to China
	1951	First successful surface-to-air missile test, White Sands
	1958	USSR abrogates Allied war-time agreements on control of Germany
	1965	c. 20,000 anti-war demonstraters gather in Washington
	1970	Attempted assassination of Pope Paul VI, in Manila
	1989	Narco-terrorists bomb Colombian airliner, 107 die
28	1340	Battle of Salado: the last important Moorish victory in Spain
	1587	Battle of Auneau: French Catholics defeat the Huguenots
	1627	Naval Battle of Danzig/Oliwa: Polish fleet defeats the Swedes
	1745	French troops attack Indians at Saratoga, NY
	1795	US pays $800,000 & a frigate for “protection” from Algerian & Tunisian pirates
	1862	Battle of Holly Spring, Ms
	1864	Rosser's Raid: Battle of New Creek/Ft Kelly, WVa
	1870	Battle of Beaune-la-Rolande: Prussians defeat French volunteers
	1904	Germany defeats Hottentots at Warmbadm, Southwest Africa
	1916	First German air raid on London
	1934	Churchill tells Premier Baldwin not to underestimate German air power
	1939	USSR revokes the Soviet-Finnish nonagression pact
	1941	CNO signals the fleet "Hostile action is possible at any moment . . . ," prompting Halsey to issue Battle Order No. 1, ”Enterprise is now operating under war conditions . . . .”
	1941	Mohammad Amin al-Husayni, Grand Mufti of Jerusalem meets Hitler, urges extension of the “Final Solution” to the Holy Land
	1944	Allied troops clear the Schelde, permitting ships to reach Antwerp
	1951	Military coup under Col Adib el-Shishakli in Syria
	1966	Coup in Burundi
	1977	Philip of Macedon’s tomb is discovered, near Pella
29	1382	French defeat Flemings in the Battle of Westrozebeke
	1760	Rogers' Rangers capture Detroit from the French
	1775	US schooner Lee takes Br Nancy, loaded with munitions.
	1812	Remnants of Napoleon's Grand Army cross the Berezina River
	1842	The Somers Mutiny
	1861	Skirmish at Sedalia/Black Walnut Creek
	1863	Battle of Ft Sanders/Ft Loudon, Tn
	1864	Battle of Spring Hill, Tn
	1864	Sand Creek Massacre: Colorado militiamen kill c. 150 Cheyenne
	1887	US receives basing rights at Pearl Harbor
	1890	The first Army-Navy game, West Point: Navy 24, Army 0
	1917	The Women's Royal Naval Service (WRENS) is formed
	1932	France and the USSR sign a non-aggression pact
	1939	USSR severs diplomatic relations with Finland
	1941	Hawaii: Army Intel states, "Our forces should be placed on the alert and stay there, due to the imminent possibility of an attack."
	1941	Navy beats Army, 14-6.
	1942	Coffee rationing begins in the US
	1944	Archerfish sinks CV Shinano, c. 70,000 tons; largest submarine kill ever
	1947	UN votes to partition Palestine between Jews and Arabs
	1949	Nationalist Chinese retreat to Taiwan
	1951	The first underground atomic explosion, Frenchman's Flat, Nevada
	1951	Winston Churchill re-elected British premier
	1952	President-elect Eisenhower visits Korea to assess the war
	1996	U.N. war crimes tribunal sentences Bosnian Serb Drazen Erdemovic to 10 years for the massacre of 1,200 Muslims
30	1335	Battle of Culblean: Sir Andrew Moray beats David of Strathbogie
	1406	Angelo Corrario elected Pope as Gregory XII (1406-1417)
	1700	King Charles XII of Sweden defeats Russia at the Narva
	1803	Spain cedes Louisiana to France, in return for Tuscany
	1808	Battle of Somosierra: Napoleon's French defeat the Spanish
	1838	The Pastry War: Mexico declares war on France, which occupied Vera Cruz on the 27th
	1840	Napoleon is entombed in the Invalides
	1864	Battle of Franklin, Tennessee
	1864	Battle of Honey Hill, SC
	1895	Battle of Iguara: Cuban Rebels are defeated by Spanish forces, with whom Winston Chruchill is serving, in his first battle [See Births]
	1938	Fascist coup in Romania fails
	1939	USSR invades Finland
	1942	Battle of Tassafaronga: Japanese DDs best U.S. cruisers and DDs
	1942	German raider Thor accidentally burns at Yokohama
	1943	Teheran Conference: FDR, Churchill, & Stalin agree that Operation Overlord will be launced in May of 1944
	1947	Arabs attack Jewish settlements (See Nov 29th)
	1949	Chinese Communists capture Chungking

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