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 News As History - September 7, 2008



November Military History

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Born
1 846 King Louis II "the Stutter" of France (877-79)
  1500 Benvenuto Cellini, musketeer, artist, author, rake
  1757 Antonio Canova, sculptor ("Pauline Bonaparte")
  1776 King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (1792-1809), deposed, d. 1837
  1815 Douglas Hancock Cooper, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1879
  1825 Joseph Benjamin Palmer, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1890
  1835 Godfrey Weitzel, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1884
  1853 Jose Santos Zelaya, Dictator of Nicaragua (1893-1910)
  1871 Stephen Crane, novelist ("The Red Badge of Courage"), d. 1900
  1878 Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Nobel Peace Prize (1936)
  1889 Philip John Noel-Baker, Nobel Peace Prize (1959);
2 1734 Daniel Boone, militiaman, frontiersman
  1755 Marie-Antoinette, Queen of France (1774-1792), shortened 1793
  1795 James K Polk, militiaman, president (1845-1849)
  1810 Andrew Atkinson Humphreys, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1883
  1826 Robert Hopkins Hatton, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1862
  1826 William Haines Lytle, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1863
  1828 Byron Grimes, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1880
  1865 Warren G. Harding, president (1921-1923)
  1938 Queen Sofia of Spain
  1944 Jeffrey A. Hoffman, Brooklyn astronaut
3 39 Marcus Annaeus Lucanus - Lucan, poet ("Bellum Civile"), d. AD 65
  1470 Edward V of England (Apr 9-Jun 25 1483), deposed by Uncle Richard, 1483
  1604 Sultan Osman II of Turkey (1618-22)
  1718 John Montague, the Fourth Earl of Sandwich, naval officer, inventor, d. 1792
  1793 Stephen F. Austin, the "Father of Texas"
  1816 Jubal A. Early, Lt Gen, C.S.A., the only man Lee ever sacked, d. 1894
  1818 Gustavus Adolphus DeRussy, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1891
  1826 Jasper Adalmorn Maltby, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1867
  1833 Edward Dorr Tracy, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1863
  1844 Sultan Mohammed V Resjad of Turkey (1909-18)
  1852 Mutsuhito, the Meiji - 122nd Emperor of Japan (1867-1912)
  1901 Andre Malraux, resistance fighter, novelist, radical
  1901 King Leopold III of Belgium, collaborator
  1912 Alfredo Stroessner, dictator of Paraguay
  1954 Kevin P Chilton, USAF, Astronaut
4 1615 Sultan Ibrahim of the Ottomans (1640-48)
  1650 William III of Orange, King of England (1689-1702)
  1816 William Polk Hardeman, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1898
  1818 Alexander Robert Lawton, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1896
  1820 Robert Vinkler Richardson, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1870
  1835 Lunsford Lindsay Lomax, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1913
  1842 William Barker Cushing, naval hero, U.S., d. 1874
  1916 Walter Cronkite, war correspondent, Cold Warrior
5 1271 Mahmud Ghazan, Mongol Il-Khan of Persia
  1818 Benjamin Butler, Maj. Gen., US; who proved the women of New Orleans were all ladies, d. 1893
  1825 Julius Stahel-Szamvald, Maj Gen, U.S.
  1832 William Woods Averell, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1900
  1895 Will Durant, historian ("The Story of Civilization")
  1902 Strom Thurmond, D-Day veteran, segregationist
6 15 Julia Agrippina – “Agrippinilla” – daughter of Germanicus, sister to Caligula, niece and wife to Claudius, mother of Nero
  1479 Queen Juana "la Loca" of Castille (1504-06)
  1494 Sultan Suleiman I “the Magnificent” of Turkey (1520-66)
  1661 Charles II, the last Spanish Habsburg (1665-1700)
  1754 King Frederick I of Wurttemberg (1806-16)
  1822 Gordon Granger, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1876
  1838 John Grant Mitchell, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1894
  1854 John Phillip Sousa, "The March King," Soldier, Sailor, & Marine
  1856 Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, murdered 1918
  1900 Heinrich Himmler, mass murderer
  1921 James Jones, soldier, novelist ("From Here to Eternity")
  2948 BC Noah, pioneer navigator [Traditional]
7 1797 Silas Horton Stringham, naval officer, U.S., d. 1876
8 35 Marcus Cocceius Nerva, Roman Emperor (96-98)
  1572 Duke Johan Sigismund of Prussia
  1622 King Charles X Gustav of Sweden (1654-1660)
  1817 Claudius Wistar Sears, Brig Gen, C.S.A. d. 1891
  1829 Samuel Wylie Crawford, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1892
  1830 Oliver Otis Howard, Maj Gen, U.S., historian, d. 1909
  1900 Margaret Mitchell, novelist("GWTW"), who had a grandfather at Gettysburg
9 1414 Duke Albrecht III Achilles of Brandenburg
  1600 King Charles I of England (1625-1649), beheaded 1649, at 48
  1823 William Henry Forney, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1894
  1825 Ambrose P Hill, Lt Gen, C.S.A.,
  1841 King Edward VII of England (1901-10)
10 1433 Duke Charles "the Rash" of Burgundy, noted thickhead
  1483 Martin Luther, Revolutionary, Anti-Semite
  1566 Robert Devereux, Second Earl of Essex, soldier, Gloriana’s favorite, beheaded, 1601
  1683 King George II (1727-60), Victor of Dettingen, 1742
  1827 Alfred Howe Terry, Maj Gen, U.S., Indian fighter, d. 1890
  1830 Albert Gallatin Jenkins, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1864
  1888 Andrej N Tupolev, Russian aircraft designer
  1895 John Knudsen Northrop, American aircraft designer
  1919 Mikhail Kalishnikov, weapons designer
  1925 Richard Burton, airman, actor ("Where Eagles Dare")
11 1050 Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1036-1106)
  1154 King Sancho I of Portugal (1185-1212)
  1155 King Alfonso VIII of Castille
  1657 Count Guido von Starhemberg, Austrian field marshal
  1744 Abigail Adams, Founding Mother, d. 1818
  1748 King Charles IV of Spain (1788-1808), d. 1821
  1811 Ben McCulloch, Brig Gen, C.S.A., KIA, 1862
  1852 Franz Conrad von Hotzendorf, inept Austro-Hungarian general, d. 1925
  1864 Alfred Hermann Fried, German pacifist, Nobel Peace Prize, 1911
  1869 King Victor Emmanual III of Italy (1900-46), d. 1947
  1885 George S. Patton, Jr., d. 1945
  1920 James Bond, fictional espionage agent
12 1528 Qi Jiguang, Chinese general, d 1588
  1729 Louis Antoine de Bougainville, French explorer, d 1811
  1755 Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian military reformer, d. 1813
  1866 Sun Yat-sen, first President of the Republic of China, d 1925
  1911 William Patrick Hitler, who fought Uncle Adolf in the USN (1944-1947), d. 1987
13 354 St. Augustine of Hippo
  1312 King Edward III of England (1327-77)
  1504 Count Philip "the Generous" of Hesse
  1809 John Adolph Bernard Dahlgren, naval officer, gun founder, d. 1870
  1813 John Wolcott Phelps, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1885
  1813 Prince Peter II Petrovic of Montenegro (1830-51)
  1814 Joseph Hooker, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1879
14 1765 Robert Fulton, inventor
  1814 Michael Kelly Lawler, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1882
  1822 William Harrow, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1872
  1827 Isaac Wistar, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1905
  1828 James Birdseye MacPherson, Maj Gen, U.S., KIA 1864
  1909 Joseph R McCarthy, Mavy veteran, demagogic Senator
  1948 Charles, the Prince of Wales
  1954 Condolezza Rice, presidential advisor
15 1316 Jean I “the Posthumous”, born King of France, d. 20 Nov 1316
  1397 Tommaso Parentucelli - Pope Nicholas V (1447-1455)
  1708 William Pitt the Elder, the "Great Commoner", PM (1756-1761, 1766-1768)
  1814 Pleasant Adam Hackleman, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1862
  1816 Joseph Bennett Plummer, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1862
  1836 Pierce Manning Butler Young, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1896
  1891 Erwin "the Desert Fox" Rommel, forced suicide 1944
  1906 Curtis E Le May, American "Bomber Baron"
  1907 Count Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg, anti-Nazi conspirator, k. 1944
16 42 BC Tiberius, Roman general and Emperor (AD 14-37)
  1603 Taddeo Barberini, Prince of Palestrina, inept general, art collector, d. 1647.
  1822 Charles Smith Hamilton, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1891
  1835 Elliott Warren Rice, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1887
  1896 Oswald Mosley, self-styled British "Führer"
  1950 Carl J Meade, astronaut (STS 38, STS 50)
17 9 Titus Flavius Vespasianus – Vespasian, Roman Emperor (69-79)
  1755 King Louis XVIII of France (1814-24); "Louis the Unavoidable"
  1794 John Barrien Montgomery, naval officer, U.S., d. 1873
  1814 Joseph Finegan, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1885
  1826 John McArthur, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1906
  1834 Stephen Hinsdale Weed, Brig Gen, U.S.; kia Gettysburg, 1863
  1887 Field Marshal Viscount Bernard Law Montgomery of Alamein
18 1810 Benjamin Stone Roberts, Brig Gen, U.S., of "Roberts' Rules", d. 1875
  1812 Jesse Johnson Finley, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1904
  1824 Franz Sigel, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1902
  1824 Isham Nicholas Hayne, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1868
  1835 Americus Vespucius Rice, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1904
  1836 Maximo Gomez, Cuban revolutionary
  1916 Shelby Foote, author ("The Civil War: A Narrative")
  1923 Alan B Shepard, Jr., USN, astronaut
  1941 David Hemmings, actor ("The Charge of the Light Brigade"), d. 2003
19 1600 King Charles I of England (1625-49), who lost his head
  1752 George Rogers Clark, frontiersman, soldier
  1810 August von Willich, Brig Gen, U.S., friend to Marx, d. 1878
  1811 John Ancrum Winslow, naval officer, U.S., d. 1873
  1827 Isaac Munroe St John, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1880
  1831 James A Garfield, Maj Gen, U.S., president (Mar 4-Sept 19, 1881)
  1835 Fitzhugh Lee, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1905
  1893 Mao Tse-Tung, Chinese visionary, with a high body count
  1897 Quentin Roosevelt, airman, kia July 14, 1918
  1917 Indira Gandhi, Indian PM (1966-1977, 1980-1984), murdered 1984
20 270 Maximinus Daia, Roman Emperor (308-314)
  1761 Francesco Xaverio Castiglione - Pope Pius VIII (1829-1830)
  1797 Gaetano Maria Donizetti, composer ("La fille du régiment")
  1802 James Lawrence Lardner, naval officer, d. 1881
  1830 Patrick Henry Jones, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1900
  1836 John Thomas Croxton, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1874
  1872 Joseph Mason Reeves, Adm., U.S.N., "Father of Carrier Aviation," d. 1948
  1895 William V.S. Tubman, Liberian President (1943-1970), murdered 1970
  1932 Jacques Chirac, President of France
21 1817 Richard B Garnett, Brig Gen, C.S.A., KIA, July 3, 1863
  1828 William McComb, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1918
  1831 John Franklin Miller, Brig Gen, U.S., in 1886
  1834 Joseph Jackson Bartlett, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1893
  1854 Giacomo Della Chiesa - Pope Benedict XV , d. 1922
  1914 Michael Grant, historian (“Gladiators”), d. 2004
22 1535 Count John "the Old" of Nassau
  1805 Benjamin Hugur, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1877
  1818 Samuel Gibbs French, Maj Gen, C.S.A., d. 1910
  1823 Nathan Kimball, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1898
  1832 George Henry Chapman, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1882
  1835 Frank Crawford Armstrong, Brig Gen, C.S.A.
  1881 Enver Pasha, Young Turk, in Constantinople
  1888 Tarzan, ficitonally [alternte]
  1890 Charles de Gaulle, d 1970
  1930 Owen K Garriott, astronaut (Skylab 3, STS-9)
  1942 Guion S Bluford, Jr., USAF, astronaut
23 912 Otto I the Great, King of the Germans, Holy Roman Emperor (962-73)
  1221 King Alfonso X “the Wise” of Castille & Leon (1252-84)
  1740 Edward Rutledge, Signer of the Declaration of Independence, d. 1800
  1804 Franklin Pierce, volunteer, President (1853-1857)
  1809 Horatio Phillips Van Cleve, Brig Gen, U.S.,
  1819 Benjamin Mayberry Prentiss, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1901
  1859 Henry McCarty, "Billy the Kid" (aka Henry Antrim, William Boney), in New York, k. 1881
24 1655 King Charles XI of Sweden (1660-97)
  1784 Zachary Taylor, Maj Gen, U.S., and President (1849-1850)
  1829 William Passmore Carlin, Brig Gen, U.S., diarist, d. 1903
  1921 John V. Lindsay, naval officer, Mayor of NY (1965-1973)
25 1823 Joseph Alexander Cooper, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1910
  1825 Edward Augustus Wild, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1891
  1881 Angelo Roncalli, Sergeant of Infantry (1915-1918), Pope John XXIII (1958-63)
  1895 Anastas I Mikoyan, Stalin's henchman
  1915 Augusto Pinochet, Dictator of Chile (1973-1990)
26 1816 William Henry Talkbot Walker, Maj Gen, C.S.A.
  1827 Alfred Moore Scales, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1892
  1937 Boris Yegorov, cosmonaut (Voskhod 1)
27 1808 Hugh Weedon Mercer, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1877
  1907 L Sprague de Camp, naval officer, wargamer, author, d. 2000
  1952 James D Wetherbee, USN, astronaut (STS 32, 52)
28 1811 King Maximilian II Josef of Bavaria (1848-64)
  1820 Friedrich Engels, exploiter of the workers & peasants
  1820 Lawrence O'Bryan Branch, Brig Gen, C.S.A., d. 1862
  1857 King Alfonso XII of Spain (1874-85)
  1887 Ernst Rohm, Nazi, murdered by Hitler, 1934
  1902 Philippe Le Clerc, Liberator of Paris (see Deaths)
29 1229 Duke Louis II "the Strange" of Bavaria
  1330 Count Louis van Male of Flanders, Nevers, & Rethel
  1815 Stephen Augustus Hurlbut, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1882
  1833 Louis Douglass Watkins, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1868
  1834 Thomas Edward Greenfield Ransom, Brig Gen, U.S.
  1856 Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, German Chancellor, who scorned a "mere scrap of paper" in 1914
  1949 Kenneth D Cameroon, USMC, astronaut
30 1373 King Ferdinand I of Aragon and Sicily
  1427 King Casimir IV of Poland (1447-92)
  1466 Andrea Doria, Genoese statesman, admiral, condottiero, d. 1560
  1699 King Christian VI of Denmark and Norway
  1810 Oliver Fisher Winchester, gunsmith
  1826 George Washington Deitzler, Brig Gen, U.S.
  1828 Jedediah Hotchkiss, military engineer, C.S.A., d. 1899
  1835 Samuel Clemens (“Mark Twain”), Confederate deserter
  1863 Andres Bonifacio, Filipino nationalist, killed 1896
  1874 Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill
  1885 Albrecht Kesselring, German field marshal

Died
1 1700 King Charles II of Spain (1665-1700)
  1734 Louisa de Kerouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth, sometime numbered among the mistresses of Charles II
  1793 Lord George Gordon, English anti-Catholic agitator (“Gordon Riots” of 1780)
  1903 Theodore Mommsen, historian, Literature Nobelist, at 85
  1963 Ngo Dinh Diem, South Vietnamese strongman, in a coup
  1972 Ezra Pound, Fascist collaborator, poet ("Cantos"), at 87
  2007 Brig Gen Paul W. Tibbets Jr., who commanded the Enola Gay, at 92
2 472 Roman Emperor Olybrius (11 Jul-2 Nov 472), natural causes
  678 Pope Donus [Dominus] (676-678)
  1475 Bartolomeo Colleoni, condottiero, at c. 75, Captain-General of Venice, but he had to pay for his own statue
  1483 Henry Stafford, Earl of Buckingham, Constable of England, beheaded at 49
  1917 James Gressham, US Army, kia in France
  1917 Merle Hay, US Army, kia in France
  1917 Thomas Enright, US Army, kia in France
  2004 Theo Van Gogh, Dutch film maker, murdered by an Islamic fanatic
3 361 Roman Emperor Constantius II (337-361), at 44
  1254 Emperor of Nicaea St. John III Ducas Vatatzes (1222-1254), at c.60
  1428 Thomas Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, the first English gentleman slain by gunfire
  1493 Antonio Malvizzi, Patrician of Bologna, assassinated
  1873 Chief Kintpuash "Captain Jack" of the Modoc
  1926 Annie Oakley, sharpshooter
  1970 King Peter II Karadjordjevic of Yugoslavia (1934-1945), in exile in the US
4 644 Caliph Umar, assassinated at Medina by Uthman, his successor
  1203 Count Dirk VII of Holland
  1702 Adm. John Benbow, English admiral, c. 52, of wounds in Jamaica
  1918 Wilfred Owen, war poet ("Anthem for Doomed Youth"), KIA at 25
  1921 Takashi Hara, premier of Japan, murdered
  1940 Manuel Azana y Diez, President, Spanish Republic (1936-39), at 60
5 1370 King Casimir III the Great of Poland (1333-70), at 61
  1944 Lord Moyne, assassinated by the Stern Gang in Cairo
  1990 Meir Kahane, radical Jewish nationalist, assassinated by an Islamist
  2005 Peter A. Brunt, historian ("Italian Manpower, 225 BC - AD 14), b. 1917
6 1003 Pope John XVII [XVIII] (13 June-6 Nov 1003)
  1406 Pope Innocent VII - Cosimo de' Migliorati (1404-1406)
  1632 King Gustavus Aldophus of Sweden, kia, Lutzen
  1632 Marquis Girolamo Pallavicino, Captain of Imperial Cuirassiers, kia, Lutzen
  1656 Joao IV, Duke of Braganca, King of Portugal (1640-56)
  1836 King Charles X of France (1824-30)
  1944 Hannah Senesh, Jewish poet, murdered by the Nazis in Budapest
7 8 BC Maecenas, friend to Augustus, patron of Vergil & Horace
  1225 St. Engelbert I, Archbishop of Cologne, murdered
  1307 Hermann Gessler, Hapsburg Governor of Switerland, shot by William Tell
  1837 Elijah P Lovejoy, publisher, murdered at 34 by a pro-slavery mob
  1944 Richard Sorge & Ozaki, Soviet spies, hanged in Tokyo
  1962 Eleanor Roosevelt, FLOTUS (1933-1945), at 78
  1980 Steve McQueen, actor ("The Sand Pebbles", "The Great Escape"), at 50
8 1226 King Louis VIII "the Lion" of France (1223-26)
  1555 Gian Giacomo Medici “Il Medeghino” – condottiero, poisoned at c. 60
  1653 Tideo Marescotti, Patrician of Bologna, assassinated
  1933 Mohammed Nadir Shah of Afghanistan, assassinated
  1945 FM August von Mackensen, Conqueror of Romania in 1916, Nazi stooge
  1986 Vyacheslav M. Molotov, the Oldest Old Bohlshevik, at 96
9 959 Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (913-959)
  1806 Fra Diavolo (Michele Pezza), guerrilla warrior, hanged by the French in the Piazza del Mercato, Naples
  1836 King Charles X of France (1824-1830), brother of Louis XVI & XVII; deposed 1830
  1888 Mary Jane Kelly, 25, Jack the Ripper’s fifth, and probable last, victim
  1952 Chaim Weizmann, first President of Israel (1948-1952), at 57
  1953 Abdul-Aziz ibn Sa'ud, founder of Saudi Arabia, c. 73
10 461 Pope St. Leo I “The Great” (440-461)
  1143 Count Fulk V of Anjou (1109-1143), King of Jerusalem (1131-1143), hunting accident at 50
  1241 Pope Celestine IV - Gofredo Castiflioni (25 Oct-10 Nov 1241)
  1285 King Pedro III of Aragon
  1299 Count Jean I of Holland and Zeeland
  1444 King Ladislas III of Poland (1434-1444)/Laszlo I of Hungary (1440-1444), kia at Varna
  1549 Pope Paul III - Alexander Farnese
  1567 Anne de Montmorency, Marshal of France, killed at St. Denis
  1865 Henry Wirz, C.S.A, superintendent of Andersonville, executed
  1938 Mustafa Kemal Attaturk, at 57
  1940 Neville Chamberlain, hapless British PM (1937-40), at 71
  1954 Hussein Fatemi, Iranian Foreign minister, executed
  1970 Charles de Gaulle, at 79
  1982 Pres Leonid Brezhnev of the USSR
11 1285 King Pedro III "The Great" of Aragon (1276-1285)
  1331 King Stefanus VIII of Serbia (1322-31)
  1549 Pope Paul III - Alessandro Farnese (1534-1549)
  1831 Nat Turner, leader of the "Great Southampton Slave Revolt", hanged
  1861 King Pedro V d'Alcantara of Portugal (1853-61), 24
  2004 Yasir Arafat, inept Palestinian leader, at 75
12 607 Pope Boniface III (19 Feb-12 Nov 607)
  1035 King Canute the Great of Denmark (1014-1035) & England (1016-1035), c. 40
  1353 Ferrandino Malatesta, Lord of Rimini (1316-1353), condottiero, in bed at 95, rare in his family & profession
  1567 Duke Anne of Montmorency, Marshal of France, at 75, of wounds from the Battle of St. Denis, Nov 10th.
  1671 Thomas Fairfax, parliamentary general, b 1612
  1684 Admiral Edward Vernon – “Old Grog”
  1989 Dolores "La Pasionaria" Ibarruri, Communist stooge, 93
13 867 Pope St. Nicholas I “the Great” (858-867)
  1319 King Erik VI of Denmark (1286-1319)
  1359 Grand Duke Ivan II of Moscow & Vladimir
  1460 Prince Henry "the Navigator" of Portugal, 66
  1942 RAdm Daniel Callaghan, U.S.N, kia at Guadalcanal
  1942 RAdm Norman Scott, U.S.N., kia at Guadalcanal
  1942 The Sullivan Brothers; George (27), Frank (26), Joe (24), and Al (20); Madison (23) on the 18th or 19th
  1985 c. 23,000 people in Armero, Columbia, buried in a mudslide following the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz.
14 565 Roman Emperor Justinian I (527-565), 82
  976 Emperor Chao K'uang-yin (T'ai-Tsu), the first Sung
  1263 Grand Duke Alexander Nevski of Novgorod (1252-1263), 43
  1673 King Michael Wisniowieki of Poland
  1687 Nell Gwyn, Charles I's favorite mistress
  1969 Maj Gen Bruno Arthur Hochmuth, 3rd MarDiv, kia, Vietnam
15 1463 Giannantonio Orsini, Prince of Taranto, Grand Constable of Naples, strangled at c. 82
  1712 Lord Mohun, in a duel with the Duke of Hamilton
  1712 The Duke of Hamilton, in a duel with Lord Mohum
  1908 Tsu-tsi, Dowager Empress, of China
  1958 Tyrone Power, veteran, actor ("Captain from Castille"), heart attack at 44
16 498 Pope Anastasius II (496-498)
  1271 King Henry III of England (1216-71), executed
  1797 King Frederik Willem II of Prussia (1786-97), at 53
  1808 Sultan Mustafa IV of Turkey (1807-08)
  1831 Karl von Clausewitz, of cholera
  1885 Louis Riel, Canadian revolutionary, executed for high treason at 41
  1960 Clark Gable, Captain, USAAF, actor ("GWTW"), at 59
17 375 Roman Emperor Valentinian I (364-375), c. 54, of apoplexy when visited by some arrogant barbairans
  474 Byzantine Emperor Leo II (18 Jan-17 Nov 474), natural causes at c. 7.
  1558 Queen "Bloody" Mary I of England (1553-1558)
18 1170 Albrecht I “the Bear” Margraf of Brandenburg
  1247 Robin Hood, reportedly poisoned by a nun
  1329 Alberghetto I Manfredi, Lord of Faenza (1327-1328), beheaded at Bologna
  1664 Miklos Zrinyi, Hungarian general and military thinker, at 44
  1851 Ernst August, Duke of Cumberland, King of Hanover (1837-51), at 80
  1886 Chester A Arthur, militiaman, president (1881-85), at 56
19 496 Pope St. Gelasius I (492-496)
  1495 King Alfonso II of Naples (1494-95)
  1594 Prince Ivan of Russia, killed by his father, Ivan the Terrible
  1703 "The Man in the Iron Mask," of natural causes, after decades in prison
  1798 Wolf Tone, Irish patriot, self-inflicted wound to cheat the hangman
  1911 Pres Ramon Caceres of the Dominican Republic, murdered
  1924 Lee Stack, Sirdar of Egypt, Governor General of the Sudan, murdered
  1936 Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish anarchist, kia outside Madrid, under suspicious circumstances
20 1316 King Jean I “the Posthumous” of France (15-20 Nov 1316), born a king
  1347 Stefano Colonna, Roman noble, patron of Petrarch, kia at c. 60, Porta San Lorenzo, Rome
  1347 Camillo Colonna, son of Stefano, kia at c. 18, Porta San Lorenzo
  1347 Cyno Caetani, brother of Count Niccolo of Fondi, kia, Porta San Lorenzo
  1347 Giordano Orsini, Lord of Marino, Roman noble, kia, Porta San Lorenzo
  1347 Giovanni Colonna, Co-Lord of Capranica, Roman Senator, cousin to Stefano, kia, Porta San Lorenzo
  1347 Giovanni Colonna, son of Stefano, kia at c. 18, Porta San Lorenzo
  1347 Petruccio Frangipani, Roman noble, kia, Porta San Lorenzo
  1347 Pietro Colonna, Co-Lord of Capranica, Senator of Rome, kia, Porta San Lorenzo
  1861 Henry Fry & Jacob M. Henshaw, lynched, Greeneville, Tn, suspicted of being Union agents
  1924 Giacomo Puccini, composer ("Madama Butterfly")
  1936 Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera, executed by the Spanish Republic
  1944 Sekio Nishina, inventor of the kaiten weapon
  1975 El Caudillo - Francisco Franco y Bahamonde, at 82
21 53 BC Marcus Licinius Crassus, probably not by molten gold poured down his throat
  1910 Count Leo Tolstoy, veteran, in a train station
  1916 Franz Joseph, Emperor of Austria & King of Hungary (1848-1916)
22 950 King Lothar of Italy (947-50)
  1617 Sultan Ahmed I of Turkey (1603-17)
  1718 Edward "Blackbeard" Teach, of 25 wounds during a battle with the Royal Navy
  1902 Friedrich A Krupp, cannon manufacturer, suicide
  1938 Prince Giuseppe Borghese de Borbone y Parma, kia, Battle of the Ebro, earning a Medaglia d’oro
  1963 John F. Kennedy, sailor, President (1961-1963), assassinated at 46
  1980 Mae West, Kentucky Colonel, at 87
  1989 Pres Rene Moawad of Lebanon (for c. 28 days), by a bomb
23 955 King Edred of England (955-959), at c. 20
  1407 Louis, Duke of Orleans, brother of King Charles VI of France, assassinated at Paris by order of the Duke of Burgundy
  1457 King Ladislaus V "the Posthumus" of Hungary and Bohemia, at 17
  1616 Richard Haklyut, Historian of the voyages of the English
  1871 Mariano Melgarejo, sometime Dictator of Bolivia (1865-1870), murdered
  1890 King Willem III of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
  1902 Walter Reed, US military bacteriologist
  1920 Mohammed ibn Addoellah, the "Mad Mullah" of Somalia
  1974 Cornelius Ryan, war correspondent, historian ("A Bridge too Far"), at 54
  1976 Andre Malraux, resistance fighter, author ("The Conquerors"), at 75
24 1647 Taddeo Barberini, Prince of Palestrina, inept general, art collector, b. 1603.
  1922 Erskine Childers, author ("The Riddle of the Sands"), naval aviator, Irish patriot, executed by the Irish Republic
  1929 Georges Clemenceau, Premier of France (1906-09, 1917-20), at 88
  1943 RAdm Henry Maston Mullinnix, Dorie Miller, & c. 600 shipmates, in CVE Lipscombe Bay
  1963 Lee Harvey Oswald, assassin of JFK, shot by Jack Ruby
25 1120 Prince William, only legitimate son of Henry I of England, drowned at 17 in the Channel when his ship sinks
  1185 Pope Lucius III - Ubaldo Allucingoli (1181-1185)
  1760 King George II, at 77
  1885 King Alfonso XII of Spain (1874-85), at 27
  1957 Adm William Veazie Pratt (CNO, 1930-1933), b. 1869.
  1970 Yukio Mishima, fasicistic author, harakiri
26 399 Pope St. Siricius (385-399)
  1126 Emir Al-Borsoki of Aleppo and Mosul, assassinated
  1504 Queen Isabella I of Castilla and Aragon (1474-1504), Columbus’ friend, at 53
  1865 Spanish RAdm. Juan Manuel Pareja, suicide, having lost a ship to the Chileans
  1926 John M Browning, gunsmith
  1970 Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., the first black American general, at 93
27 8 BC Horace, soldier, poet, satirist
  511 Clovis, the first King of France
  602 East Roman Emperor Maurice, beheaded at Chalcedon by Phocas
  1796 Catherine "the Great", in bed, alone, without a horse
  1868 Chief Black Kettle of the Cheyenne
28 741 Pope Gregory III (731-741)
  1058 Duke Casimir I "the Restorer" of Poland (1034-58)
  1405 Astorgio I Manfredi, Lord of (1379-1404), condottiero, poet, beheaded at Faenza
  1468 Dunois, the Bastard of Orleans
  1499 Edward Plantagenet, Earl of Warwick, beheaded
  1721 Cartouche, noted highwayman, executed at Paris
  1794 Maj Gen Baron Friederich Wilhelm Ludorf Gerhard Augustin von Steuben
  1870 Frédéric Bazille, impressionist, friend to Monet & Renoir, kia, Beaune-la-Rolande
  1899 Countess Virginia Oldoini de Castiglione, seducer of emperors & kings, in Paris at 62
  1947 Philippe Le Clerc, Liberator of Paris, plane crash, on his 45th birthday
  1962 Wilhelmina, retired Queen of the Netherlands (1890-1948), at 82
  1971 Wasfi Tal, Jordanian prime minister, assassinated by Black September
29 1268 Pope Clement IV - Guy le Gros (1265-1268)
  1314 King Philippe IV "the Fair" of France (1285-1314)
  1378 Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
  1382 Philip Van Artevelde, Flemish commander-in-chief, KIA
  1530 Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, Chief Minister to King Henry VIII
  1632 King Frederik V of Bohemia, at 36
  1643 Claudio Monteverdi, veteran of the Turkish Wars, composer
  1780 Empress-Queen Maria Teresa, at 63
30 1016 King Edmund II “Ironsides” of the Saxons (1016), at 27
  1526 Giovanni degli Bande Neri, of wounds received on the 25th
  1718 King Charles XII of Sweden, of wounds

Event
1 36 Major fire devastates part of Rome
  264 BC Triumph of Consul M. Fulvius Flaccus, for conquering Volsinii
  630 Mohammed captures Mecca
  866 Battle of York: Danish raiders defeat the Yorkists 
  1210 King John of England begins imprisoning Jews
  1592 Battle of Busan: Korean fleet defeats the Japanese
  1765 Stamp Act goes into effect in British colonies, which object
  1784 Maryland grants citizenship to Lafayette & his descendants
  1806 Fra Diavolo taken at Baronissi by French Col Sigisbert Hugo (Victor's father)
  1821 Greeks capture Missolonghi from the Turks
  1835 Texians begin siege of San Antonio (it falls Dec 4)
  1860 Neapolitan 3rd Div occupies defensive positions at Itri
  1861 George McClellan named General-in-Chief of the US Army, as Bvt LtGen Winfield Scott retires.
  1869 Red River Rebellion: Louis Riel seizes Fort Garry, Winnipeg
  1904 Army War College opens, with Capt. John J. Pershing in the first class
  1911 Italian Lt. Garetti drops a hand-held bomb from 600 feet on the Tanguira Oasis, Libya, from an Etrich monoplane, initiating a 20th century custom
  1914 Battle of Coronel: Von Spee's German cruisers annihilate a weaker British squadron
  1914 Paul von Hindenburg is named commander-in-chief of the Eastern Front
  1916 Ninth Battle of the Isonzo begins (to Nov 4)
  1918 Italian UDT sink Austrian BB Viribus Unitis, which is in Yugoslav hands
  1922 Ottoman Empire abolished
  1928 Graf Zeppelin sets an airship distance record, 6384 km
  1932 Wernher von Braun named head of German liquid-fuel rocket program
  1933 German Army creates its first panzer unit,
  1936 Mussolini coins the phrase "The Axis"
  1939 First jet plane demonstrated, a Heinkel He 178
  1940 Fleetwood, Pa.: 1st US air raid shelter opens
  1940 The Netherlands: Nazis establish a 2400-0400 curfew
  1941 Japanese Navy changes call signs for all ships
  1942 Guadalcanal: Marines attack across the Matanikau River
  1943 Bougainville: 3rd Marine Div lands at Cape Torokina, Empress Augusta Bay
  1943 U-405 is rammed & sunk off the Azores by USS Borie (DD-215), which also sinks
  1943 USN raids Japanese installations at Buin and Buka.
  1948 Chinese PLA captures Mukden, Manchuria
  1950 Puerto Rican nationalists try to kill Pres Truman at Blair House
  1951 First atomic explosion with troops present, NM
  1952 First hydrogen device exploded, Eniwetok Atoll
  1954 Algeria begins rebellion against France
  1954 General Fulgencio Batista elected president of Cuba
  1955 Bomb destroys a UAL DC-6 above Longmont, Colorado, 44 die
  1956 The Imre Nagy government of Hungary withdraws from the Warsaw Pact
  1959 Nationalist Patrice Lumumba arrested in Belgian Congo
  1960 Benelux Treaty goes into effect
  1963 South Vietnam: Coup against the Ngo Dinhm Diem gov't
  1966 William Dana reaches 93 km altitude in the X-15
2 1355 Edward III's army lands at Calais
  1389 Piero Tomacelli elected Pope as Boniface IX (1389-1404)
  1519 Cortes meets Motecuhzoma in Tenochtitlan
  1642 Battle of Breitenfeld: Swedes defeat the Imperialists
  1648 12,000 Jews massacred by Marshal Chmielnicki’s order, Narol, Podlia
  1783 Washington’s “Farewell Address to the Army,” at Rocky Hill, near Princeton
  1789 French National Assembly confiscates Church property
  1835 Sam Houston is chosen C-in-C of the Texas Army
  1835 Second Seminole War begins
  1841 Akbar Khan ousts Shah Shuja in Afghanistan
  1852 Brig. Gen. Franklin Pierce elected President of US
  1880 Maj Gen James A Garfield elected President
  1914 Great Britain annexes Cyprus
  1916 Verdun: The French recapture Ft Vaux
  1917 Balfour Declaration: Britain supports a Jewish homeland in Palestine
  1917 First US troops kia in France
  1930 Ras Tafari crowned Emperor of Ethiopia as Haile Selassie
  1942 Aussie 25th Bde captures Kokoda, and its airfield, from the Japanese
  1942 British breakthrough at El Alamein
  1942 Guadalcanal: "Tokyo Express" lands c. 1500 troops at Tetere
  1943 Casa Nofi, Itri, has an unfortunate encounter with US fighter-bombers
  1943 Empress Augusta Bay: Ineffective Japanese air raids on U.S. ships
  1943 USN raids Japanese installations at Buin and Buka.
  1944 Army clears Japanese troops from the central valley on Leyte.
  1947 Howard Hughes’ “Spruce Goose” makes its only flight, c. 8 minutes
  1956 Israel captures Gaza & Sheham
  1962 JFK announces Soviets are dismantling their missile bases in Cuba
  1982 Fire in Salung tunnel, Afghanistan, over 1,000 Soviet troops die
3 0 Feast of St. Hubert, Patron of Hunters
  82 BC Sulla issues the first "Proscription List"
  1354 Battle of Modon/Sapienza: Venetian fleet defeats the Genovese off the Pelopnessos
  1394 Charles VI expels the Jews from France
  1755 Massachusetts offers bounties for Indian scalps: £30 for Warriors, £20 for women & boys
  1762 Spain acquires Louisiana from France (returns it in 1800)
  1783 The Continental Army is mustered out of service, Rocky Hill, NJ
  1812 Battle of Fiordoroivskoy: Russians defeat the French
  1813 US troops under Gen Coffee destroy Indian village at Talladega, Ala
  1839 First Opium War: British frigates engage several Chinese junks
  1853 USS Constitution seizes the slaver H.N. Gambrill
  1860 Neapolitan Royalists retire from the Garigliano towards Mola
  1863 Battle of Grand Coteau, Ga.
  1935 George II is restored to the Greek throne (1922-1924, deposed; 1935-1947)
  1942 Guadalcanal: Marines clear Japanese from Point Cruz.
  1944 Japanese begin releasing 9,000 incendiary balloon to drift to America.
  1957 USSR launches Sputnik 2 with the dog Laika, the first animal in orbit
  1970 Salvador Allende inaugurated as president of Chile
  1979 Teheran: Iranians storm the US embassy to take 63 hostages
  1984 Three days of anti-Sikh rioting begin in India, 3,000 die
  1988 Neo-Nazis break Geraldo Rivera's nose, on the air
4 0 Feast of St. Laurent, Parton of Armories
  644 Uthman becomes Caliph, having assassinated his predecessor
  1354 Naval Battle of Soplegno: Geonese defeat the VenetiansS
  1576 Spanish capture Antwerp from the Dutch
  1619 Frederik V crowned king of Bohemia
  1677 William of Orange marries Mary Stuart (William & Mary of England)
  1760 Battle of Torgau: Frederick the Great defeats the Austrians
  1791 Battle of Kekionga: Little Turtle's Miamis almost annihilate the U.S. Army, c. 600 die
  1840 British, Turkish, Austrian fleets capture Acre, Palestine, from the Egyptians
  1860 Skirmish at Mola: Piedmontese-Italians drive Neapolitan Royalists back on Gaeta
  1861 Skirmish at Port Royal, SC
  1862 Richard J. Gatling receives a patent for a clever device
  1864 Naval Engagement at Reynoldsburg Island
  1866 Kingdom of Italy annexes Venetia
  1903 US Naval Academy defeats New York Naval Militia in football, 28-0
  1915 Third Battle of the Isonzo ends (from Oct 18)
  1916 Ninth Battle of the Isonzo ends (from Nov 1)
  1918 Austria-Hungary concludes an armistice with Italy.
  1918 Kiel, Germany, falls into the in hands of revolutionary sailors
  1939 Neutrality Act of 1939 is passed, to allow “cash-and-carry” arms sales to belligerents
  1940 The Netherlands: Nazis begin rationing eggs & cake
  1942 Australian 16th Brigade begins an attack on Oivi, on the Kokoda Trail.
  1944 Japanese air attacks on Saipan and Tinian.
  1950 US troops retreat from Pyongyang, North Korea
  1956 Israel captures Straits of Tiran and reach Suez Canal
  1956 Russian troops attack Budapest, to suppres the Hungarian Revolution
  1958 Former Sergeant of Infantry Angelo Roncalli crowned Pope as John XXIII (1958-1963)
  1966 Arno floods Florence, 113 die, countless treasures destroyed
5 1556 Battle of Panipat: The Moghuls defeat the Lodi
  1605 Gunpowder Plot: Catholics try to blow up Parliament
  1688 King William III invades England, initiating the "Glorious Revolution"
  1757 Seven Years' War: Frederick the Great's victory at Rossbach
  1775 Commo Esek Hopkins named C-in-C of the Continental Navy.
  1800 Britain’s privy council drops “King of France” from the royal titles, claimed since 1368
  1808 Battle of Valmaceda: Spanish defeat the French
  1811 El Salvador rises against Spain
  1838 Honduras declares independence from the Central American Federation
  1860 Piedmontese-Italian forces occupy Itri
  1862 Ambrose Burnside replaces McClellan as head of Army of the Potomac
  1911 Italy declares war on Turkey
  1913 Ludwig III crowned king of Bavaria
  1914 Britain, France, & Russia declare war on Turkey
  1914 Indian 6th Div lands at Basra, securing the oil fields
  1915 First US shipboard catapult launch: LT CDR Henry Mustin, off North Carolina (ACR-12) in a Curtiss AB-ZF
  1916 Germany and Austria-Hungary proclaim an "independent" Kingdom of Poland
  1917 German submarine torpedoes USS Alcedo off France
  1917 Maj. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr, leads the first American patrol into “No Man’s Land”
  1942 Madagascar: Vichy French surrender to the British at Fort Dauphin
  1943 Massive U.S. air raids on Rabaul damage six cruisers and several DDs.
  1944 B-29s from China bomb Singapore.
  1952 French Mystere 4 flies 1,100 kph
  1956 Suez Crisis: British and French troops begin landings in Egypt
6 0 Memorial of St. Leonard of Noblac, Patron of Prisoners-of-War
  63 BC Catiline & his henchmen meet to plot against the Republic
  1282 Battle of Menai Straits: Pr. Llewellyn of Gwynedd defeats Luc de Tany 
  1362 Guillaume de Grimoard consecrated as Pope as Urban V (1362-1370), later beatified
  1632 Battle of Lutzen: Swedes defeat the Imperialists
  1792 Battle of Jamappes: The French defeat the Austrians
  1813 Congress of Chilpancingo declares Mexico independent of Spain
  1844 Spain grants Dominican Rep independence
  1860 Former militiaman and volunteer Abrham Lincoln elected President
  1861 Jefferson Davis elected to a six year term as Confederate President
  1863 Battle of Rogersville, Tn.
  1864 Battle of Cane Hill, Ak.
  1864 Battle of Droop Mountain, WVa. (Averell's Raid)
  1917 Bolshevik Revolution: The Storming of the Winter Palace
  1943 Soviet forces recapture Kiev from the Germans
  1945 First jet carrier landing: Ryan FR "Fireball" on USS Wake Island
  1978 The Shah places Iran under military rule
7 63 BC “O Tempora, O Mores!” - Cicero denounces Catiline in the Senate
  1307 William Tell reputedly does his thing [Old Style]
  1500 Cesare Borgia captures Brighella
  1637 Anne Hutchinson is banished from Massachusetts for heresy
  1659 Peace of the Pyrennes between France & Spain; Italian Wars (1494-1559) finally end
  1793 French Revolution abolishes Christianity in favor of "Reason"
  1811 Battle of Tippecanoe: William Henry Harrison defeats Tecumseh
  1861 Battle of Port Royal Bay/Ft Walker/Ft Beauregard, SC
  1861 Grant's First Battle: Belmont, Mo.
  1863 Battle of Rappahannock Station & Kelly's Ford, Va.
  1865 CSS Shenandoah surrenders to British authorities at Liverpool, seven months after Appomattox
  1872 Ship Marie Celeste sails from New York, bound for mystery
  1914 Japan attacks German concession at Tsing-tao, China
  1917 Battle of Beersheba: British take Gaza from the Turks, on the third try
  1918 United Press erroneously reports an armistice has been signed
  1931 Mao Tse-Tung proclaims the Chinese People's Republic
  1936 Spanish Civil War: Battle for Madrid begins
  1942 FDR broadcasts to the French; first presidential address in a foreign language
  1944 Chinese New 22nd Div takes Shwego in northern Burma.
  1954 US spy plane shot down by Russians over Sea of Japan
  1973 The War Powers Act becomes law
  1983 Bomb explodes in US Capitol, causing heavy damage but no injuries
8 392 Emperor Theodosius bans pagan worship and ends the Olympic Games
  641 The Arabs capture Alexandria
  1443 Battle of Monteluro: Muzio Attendolo Sforza defeats the League of the Porta Giovia
  1519 Hernan Cortez enters Tenochtitlan and meets Motecuhzoma
  1620 Battle of White Mountain: Bohemians defeated by the Imperialists
  1789 Elijah Craig brews something interesting, Bourbon County, Ky
  1805 Battle of Maria Zell: French defeat the Austrians
  1805 The Lewis & Clark Expedition reaches the Pacific Ocean
  1861 Battle of Mount Ivy, Ky
  1861 Capt Charles Wilkes removes Confederate agents from British steamer Trent
  1923 Hitler's “Munich Beer Hall Putsch"
  1924 Austria chancellor Ignaz Seipel, resigns after assassination attempt
  1939 Hitler escapes assassination at the Burgerbraukeller, Munich
  1940 The RAF bombs Munich
  1942 Hitler proclaims the fall of Stalingrad, somewhat permaturely
  1942 Operation Torch: U.S. and British forces land in northwestern Africa
  1944 Hungary "lends" 25,000 Jews to the Germans for forced labor
  1950 Lt. Russell J. Brown's F-86 scores a North Korean MiG-15 in history’s first jet combat:
  1956 UN demands the USSR leave Hungary, and is ignored
  1990 President GHW Bush orders 100,000 additional US troops to the Persian Gulf
9 63 BC Catiline flees Rome
  1492 Peace of Etaples between Henry VII of England and Charles VIII of France
  1519 Cortez takes Motecuhzoma prisoner at Tenochtitlan
  1526 Maria of Hapsburg expels the Jews from Pressburg
  1729 Treaty of Seville: Spain makes peace with England & France
  1799 "Coup de 18 de Brumaire" - Bonaparte seizes power
  1835 Battle of Lipantitlan: Texians defeat the Mexicans
  1860 Piedmontese Army invests Gaeta, held by the Neapolitan Royalists
  1861 Action at Gauley Bridge, WVa
  1861 Combat at Piketown/Fry Mountain, Ky
  1872 Great Fire of Boston; 13 die, over 776 buildings burn, for dasmages of $75 million
  1895 The liner Etruria docks in NY, and Winston Churchill begins his first visit to the US
  1917 Battle of Caporetto [12th Isonzo] ends (from Oct 24)
  1918 Bavarian radicals proclaim a socialist republic
  1918 Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates after German defeat in WW I
  1921 Mussolini forms the Partito Nazionalista Fascista
  1921 The Unknown Soldier arrives at Washington aboard USS Olympia
  1925 Hitler forms the SS within the Brown Shirts
  1937 Japanese capture Shanghai
  1938 Crystal Night: Nazis begin two nights of anti-Semitic rioting
  1938 The First Sadie Hawkins Day [now ‘celebrated’ on the Saturday nearest the 9th]
  1939 Germans illegally capture two British officers at Venlo. the Netherlands
  1944 Red Cross wins Nobel peace prize
  1961 USAF Major Robert White takes X-15 to 30,970 m
  1984 "Three Servicemen" Statue added to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial
10 846 Moslem raiders ambush Lothair I's Frankish army at Itri, Italy
  911 Conrad I elected King of the Germans
  1444 Battle of Varna: The Ottomans defeat the Poles & Hungarians
  1500 Cesare Borgia lays siege to Faenza (Falls, Apr 26, 1501)
  1567 Battle of St. Denis: French Catholics defeat French Protestants
  1674 The Dutch cede New Netherlands to England, for the second - and final - time
  1775 Congress establsihes a Marine Corps
  1782 Chillicote, Ohio, George Rodgers Clark defeats Indians and Tories; the final battle of the Revolutionary War.
  1801 Kentucky outlaws dueling
  1808 Battle of Espinosa: The French defeat the Spanish
  1808 US-Osage Treaty signed
  1814 Congress enacts a draft; War of 1812 ends before it is implemented
  1836 Louis Napoleon banished to America
  1861 Skirmish at Guyandott, WVa
  1864 Austrian Archduke Maximilian becomes Emperor of Mexico (shot in 1867)
  1864 Kingston, Ga, burns during Sherman's March to Sea
  1871 Stanley presumes to meet Livingston in Ujiji, Central Africa
  1898 Racist “coup” overthrows elected government in Wilmington, NC; scores die
  1915 Fourth Battle of the Isonzo begins (to Dec 2)
  1918 German Emperor Wilhelm II flees to the Netherlands
  1928 Hirohito enthroned as Emperor of Japan
  1937 Brazilian dictator Gaetulio Vargas proclaims a fascistic "Estado novo"
  1942 French North African forces cease resisting the Allies
  1943 Fifth Air Force makes a major attack on Rabaul.
  1944 China: Japanese capture the U.S. air bases at Kweilin and Liuchow
  1945 General Enver Hoxha becomes Communist leader of Albania
  1945 Nazi concentration camp at Buchenwald liberated by US
  1954 Lt Col John Strapp attains 632 MPH on a rocket sled
  1954 USMC [“Iwo Jima”] Memorial dedicated in Arlington
  1989 The Berlin Wall comes down
11 0 Feast of St Martin of Tours, Patron of Soldiers
  0 Armistice Day / Veterans’ Day / Remembrance Day
  1236 Emperor Frederick II razes Vicenza
  1285 Alfonso III ascends the throne of Aragon (1285-1291)
  1417 Oddone Colonna elected Pope as Martin V (1417-1431)
  1500 Louis XII of France and Ferdinand of Spain agree to divide Naples
  1606 Peace of Zsitva-Torok: Ends Turko-HRE War of 1593-1606
  1630 The “Day of Dupes”: Coup by Cardinal Riechlieu puts Louis XIII & France in his power
  1673 Battle of Choczim: Poles defeat the Turks
  1778 Cherry Valley Massacre: Pro-British Iroquois slay 40
  1839 Virginia Military Institute opens
  1861 Skirmish at Little Blue, Mo
  1864 Sherman's March: Burning of Rome, Georgia
  1864 Skirmish at Shoal Creek, Al
  1865 Surgeon Mary Edward Walker is awarded the Medal of Honor, for some reason
  1909 USN begins construction of a base at Pearl Harbor
  1918 The Armistice ending modern German’s first bid for world domination.
  1920 “The Unknown Warrior” is interred in Westminster Abbey
  1920 Navy Nurse Lenah S. Higbee awarded the Navy Cross for service in the influenza pandemic
  1921 The Unknown Soldier is laid to rest at Arlington National Cemetery
  1923 Eternal flame lit at the Tomb of the Unknown Solder at the Arc de Triomphe
  1940 British air attack injures Italian fleet at Taranto
  1940 Raider Atlantis captures liner Automedon, with Singapore defense plans
  1942 Germany occupy Vichy France
  1942 Japanese aircraft raid Henderson Field.
  1943 41 Japanese a/c from Rabaul attack U.S. carriers, only 8 return to base.
  1944 Japan commissions carrier Shinano
  1961 Congolese rebels murder 13 Italian airmen in UN service
  1961 Stalingrad is renamed Volgagrad
  1983 US cruise missiles arrive in Great Britain
12 764 Tibetan troops begin a 15 day occupation of the T’ang Chinese capital, Chang'an
  1642 Battle of Brentford: Lord Forth & Prince Rupert defeat Col Holles’ Parliamentarians
  1796 First Battle of Caldiero: Bonaparte defeats the Austrians
  1847 Battle of Geltwil: Swiss federal army defeats the Sonderbund
  1860 Piedmontese troops skirmish with Neapolitans before Gaeta
  1861 Skirmish at Occoquan Creek, Va
  1921 Washington Conference for Limitation of Armaments convenes
  1927 Leon Trotsky is expelled from the CP-USSR, leaving Stalin in control of Russia
  1933 Nazis receive 92% of the vote in Germany
  1938 Hermann Göring proposes a Jewish homeland in Madagascar
  1939 Nazis order the Jews of Lodz to wear yellow armbands
  1941 Battle of Moscow: the Red Army holds the Germans
  1942 Guadalcanal: Japanese aircraft raid Henderson field.
  1942 New Guinea: Australians take Gorari, on the Kokoda Trail
  1944 RAF sinks the German BB Tirpitz, in a Norwegian fjord.
  1945 Cordell Hull receives the Nobel Peace Prize for creating the UN
  1960 Unsuccessful coup against South Vietnam strongman Ngo Dinh Diem
  1982 Yuri V. Andropov elected general secretary of the CPUSSR
  2001 The Taliban abandons Kabul, as Northern Alliance forces approach
13 0 Sadie Hawkins' Day
  36 BC Ovation for Octavian for the defeat of Sextus Pompeius in Sicily by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (who only got the corona rostrata)
  1002 St. Brice's Day Massacre: King Ethelred II initiates the slaughtr of all Danes in England
  1093 Battle of Alnwick: Earl Robert of Northumbria defeats King Malcolm III of Scotland
  1239 Battle of Gaza: Ayyubids defeat the Crusaders
  1474 Swiss defeat Charles the Bold at Hericourt, near Belfort
  1775 American Maj Gen Richard Montgomery captures Montreal
  1776 John Paul Jones captures British transport Mellish
  1830 Oliver Wendell Holmes’ poem "Old Ironsides" is published
  1862 Battle of Holly Spring, Ms
  1918 German veterans form the ultra-nationalist Stahlhelm
  1935 Anti-British riots in Egypt
  1942 Minimum US draft age reduced from 21 to 18
  1942 Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Day 1: Nocturnal naval clash
  1943 B-24s from Funafuti and Canton bomb Tarawa and Makin, in the Gilberts.
  1944 TF 38 begins two days of air raids on Japanese on Luzon
  1970 Lt Gen Hafez al-Assad becomes PM of Syria in a coup
  1982 Vietnam War Memorial dedicated
  1995 Islamist terrorists bomb the US Office of Program Management for Saudi Arabian National Guard Modernization in Riyhad, 7 die
14 0 Annual parade of the Equites at Rome
  565 Justin II becomes Byzantine Emperor
  1380 King Charles VI of France crowned at age 12
  1683 Battle of Kalenberg: Poles & Imperialists defeat the Turks
  1812 Second Battle of Polotsk: French defeat the Russians
  1863 Bedford Forrest is assigned command of West Tennessee
  1863 Skirmish at Danville, Mississippi
  1906 TR lands in Panama; the first presidential visit to a foreign country
  1910 First airplane takeoff from a ship: Eugene Ely in a Curtiss Flyer, off USS Birmingham (CL-2)
  1919 Red Army captures Omsk, Siberia, from the Whites
  1935 Nazis deprive German Jews of their citizenship
  1935 The Philippine Commonwealth is established
  1940 Luftwaffe "coventryizes" Coventry
  1942 Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Day 2: intense air and naval action
  1944 Chinese New 22nd Div takes Mantha, in northern Burma
  1956 Hungarian Revolution finally crushed by overwhelming Soviet forces
  1968 "Turn in Your Draft Card Day"
  1975 Spain abandons Spanish Sahara
15 1202 The Fourth Crusaders take Zara
  1283 Ghibellines defeat the Guelfs in faction-fighting at Treviso
  1325 Battle of Zappollino: The Modenese defeat the Bolognese
  1533 Francisco Pizarro arrives at Cuzco
  1763 Surveying of the Mason-Dixon Line is completed
  1793 Battle of Wattignies, Day 1: French v. Austrians
  1796 Battle of Arcola, Day 1: Bonaparte's French v. Austrians
  1805 The Lewis and Clark epedition reaches the Pacific Ocean
  1864